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Common School- Horace Mann
Massachusetts- Horace Mann was the first commissioner/ first state school superindentent that wanted Common Schools. He published a journal "The Common School Journal". He wanted this for uneducated children and immigrants. -
Freedman's Bureau
In the south, three thousand schools were built for freed people. The bureau was run by the War Department, and its first and most important commissioner was General O.O. Howard, a Civil War hero sympathetic to blacks. The Bureau's task was to help the Southern blacks and whites make the transition from slavery to freedom. -
The Kalamazoo School Case
Kalamazoo, Michigan- Three men who did not have any children did not want to pay taxes. They took it to Michigan Supreme Court. They argued, ultimately an education population is good for all people. They concluded to say that everyone gains and that its a responsibility. The effect of this is that all the states were passing public school laws. -
Compulsory School Attendance Laws
Compulsory school attendance laws specified a minimum and a maximum age between which
attendance was required, and the minimum period of attendance. They also provided penalties and
procedures for non-compliance and listed the conditions under which individuals could be exempted
from attending school. -
American Federal of Teachers (AFT) was founded
The American Federation of Teachers is an American labor union that primarily represents teachers. AFT was originally called, American Federation of Teachers and Students which was founded in 1900. AFT developed additional sub-groups for paraprofessionals and school-related personnel; state and federal employees; higher education faculty and staff, and nurses and other healthcare professionals within the organization. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Topeka, Kansas- A little, black girl and her parents are tired of inferior schools. She wanted to go to a white school. They went to the Supreme Court. Their conclusion was, "Separate but Equal" and abolished segregation in schools. -
Central High
Little Rock, Arkansas, Central High School- Nine black teenagers show up to go to a white school. School officals and mobs are against this. So President Eisenhower sends troops in. The nine kids are escorted by troops and police. -
Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)
Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA), was the right for indivduals with a disability to a free, public education in a least restricted environment. -
First Charter School
Charter schools are primary or secondary schools that receive public money but are not subject to some of the rules, regulations, and statutes that apply to other public schools. Instead, charter schools are expected to produce certain results, set forth in each school's charter.[ Charter schools are attended by choice. Minnesota was the first state to pass a charter school law in 1991. -
No Child Left Behind (NCBL)
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB), is a United States Act of Congress provided help for disadvantaged students.NCLB supports standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals can improve individual outcomes in education. This Act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills and to get funded after tests.
