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509 BCE
Rome Becomes a Republic
(This event is simply a reference point.)
The last Roman king is overthrown and the Romans restructure their government into the Roman Republic. Image Source:
https://www.britannica.com/place/Roman-Republic -
494 BCE
Mons Sacer (1)
The plebeians ran away to the Sacred Mountain during war with the Volscans, Sabines, and Aequans, to protest the patricians' oppressive decisions. Image Source:
https://www.alamy.com/location-of-mons-sacer image396804305.html -
494 BCE
Tribune of the Plebs
In response to the protest, the patricians offer a government position called Tribune of the Plebs, which was to be elected by the plebeians and had veto power in the senate. There were 10 of such positions. Image Source:
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-was-plebeian-tribune-118558 -
471 BCE
Creation of the Plebeian Tribal Assembly
Plebeians gain full political independence from the patricians with the transition from the use of the Curia system to the Plebeian Tribal Assembly. Image Source:
https://imperiumromanum.pl/en/roman-constitution/roman-republic/roman-offices/peoples-assemblies/tribal-assembly/ -
449 BCE
12 Tables
The 12 tables were an array of laws that were finally written down formally by the decemviri. Image Source:
https://rome.mrdonn.org/12tables.html -
449 BCE
Mons Sacer (2)
The plebeians run away to the Sacred Mountain a second time to protest the decisions of the decemviri. Image Source:
https://www.alamy.com/location-of-mons-sacer-image396804305.html -
367 BCE
The Lincinio & Sextian Rogations
Marking the end of the Era of Patricians, the L&S Rogations stated many things, but they mostly dealt with unlawful financial pressure on many plebeians. The priesthood was also split between the patricians and the plebeians for the first time with the
re-introduction of the decemviri, this time as priests. Image Source:
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/roman-byzantine/images/0/0e/Gaius_Licinius_Stolo_.png/revision/latest/top-crop/width/360/height/360?cb=20200520165840 -
366 BCE
New Government Stuff
The patricians concede to consuls being plebeians, but also create the praetorship and curul aedile, which only patricians could run for. Lucius Sextus Lateranus was the first plebeian consul. Image Source:
https://www.howtopronounce.com/lucius-sextius -
356 BCE
First Plebeian Dictator
Gaius Marcius Rutilus became the first plebeian dictator during a war with the Etruscans. Image Source:
https://scroll.ge/tag/gaius-marcius-rutilus/ -
339 BCE
Lex Publilia
The Lex Publilia transferred the process of electing the tribunes to the Tribal Assembly and required at least one plebeian censor to be elected for each five-year term. It is important to note, however, that the latter statement may have been enacted as early as
471 BCE. Image Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_of_the_Orders -
287 BCE
The Final Succession
This is the bookend date given for the end of the Conflict of Orders. The plebeians seceded one final time to Janiculum Hill to protest widespread debt problems. Image Source:
https://colosseumrometickets.com/janiculum/ -
287 BCE
Lex Hortensia
Quintus Hortensius, a plebeian dictator elected in 287 BCE, passed the lex Hortensia, which removed the final check that the patrician senators had on the Plebeian Council, effectively equalizing the political power of the patricians and the plebeians and marking an end to the Conflict of Orders. Image Source:
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Lex-Hortensia
