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Period: 500 to 1450
Medieval Period
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1030
Guido of Arezzo Micrologus
He created the hexachord system. The document displays the sight singing system. -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard of Bingen
Hildegard of Bingen claimed all work was divinely inspired through visions. Her music often focused on the Virgin Mary, the Trinity, or local saints. -
Period: 1315 to 1375
Ars Nova Treatise
Ars Nova means new art. -
Period: 1450 to
The Renaissance Period
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1485
Josquin's motet: Ave maria... virgo serena
It's often called the "Mona Lisa" of renaissance of music. It was one of the earliest motets. -
1529
Martin Luther, Ein Feste Burg ist unser Gott
Martin Luther believed that music was a gift from God. He also believed that suppressing human creativity was a violation in the image of God. -
1538
Arcadelt, II Bianco e dolce cigno
It means the White and Sweet Swan and it comes from the story that a swan sings just before it dies, but because it is a madrigal, it creates a humorous aspect of this piece. -
1567
Palestrina Pope Marcellus Mass
The work is renowned for its intricate interplay of vocal lines and has been studied for centuries as a prime example of Renaissance polyphonic choral music. Rules for counterpoint include: mostly stepwise motion, dissonances introduced in suspensions and resolved on strong beats. Most leaps are followed by stepwise motion in the opposite direction resulting in the "Palestrina arch". -
1572
Victoria O Magnum Mysterium
Made by Thomas Luis de Victoria. He was the first spanish composer to master palestrina's style, yet his music departs from that style in many ways. -
Gabrieli Sonata Pian e Forte
Pian e forte means "soft and loud". It was the first piece of music that used dynamics. -
Period: to
Baroque Period
Known as "over-done", bizarre, complicated. -
Monteverdi's L'Orfeo
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First Public Concerts in England
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Period: to
JS Bach
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Antonio Vivaldi's L'Estro Armonico
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Rameau's Traité de l'harmonie
This was the basis for teaching tonal harmony. -
Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier
This altered the tuning of the keyboard and it allowed for a musician to be able to play 24 keys. -
Period: to
Franz Joseph Haydn
Haydn was an Austrian composer during the Classical period. Haydn wrote 108 symphonies. -
Handel's Messiah
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Period: to
Le Chavelier de Saint Georges
He was a renowned fencer and French violinist. He was a composer and was a conductor of the leading symphony orchestra in Paris. -
Period: to
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
He was the son of Leopold Mozart, and wrote around 600 compositions. -
Period: to
Viennese Classical Style
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Don Giovanni
Don Giovanni was based on Don Juan. It is sung in Italian, sung by a baritone. -
Haydn's "Surprise" Symphony
It is called a Surprise symphony because of the sudden loud movement in the second movement. It also ends in a way that people find "unsatisfying".