Iberian Peninsula

By Carolina Arteaga
  • Jan 1, 710

    Rodrigo

    Visigoth nobles appointed Rodrigo as king , but some didn't like him so asked North African Muslims for military aim.
  • Jan 31, 711

    Berbers arrived to the Iberian Peninsula

    An army of Berbers arrived to the Peninsula, led by Tariq, Rodrigo confronted them in the Battle of Guadalete, Cádiz, but he died.
  • Jan 31, 711

    Dependent Emirate

    Controlled almost all the Peninsula (not the North).
  • Jan 31, 712

    Toledo's conquest

    More Arabs and Berbers arrived to the Peninsula and joined Tariq's army and advanced to Toledo, which was conquered.
  • Jan 31, 715

    Conquest of cities

    Almost all citites wrer conquered, but there were a reistence on the North
  • Jan 31, 722

    Battle of Covadonga

    The resistence, led by Pelayo defeated the muslims.
  • Jan 31, 732

    Battle of Poitiers

    Muslims tried to cross the Pyrenees, but were defeated at the Battle of Poitiers.
  • Jan 31, 739

    Kingdom of Asturias

    Alfonso I (739-757) expanded his domains towards Galicia and began to occupy the northern Meseta.
    Alfonso III (866-910) conquered Coimbra and Oporto. When he died, he divided his possessions into three kingdoms: Asturias, Galicia and León.
  • Jan 31, 756

    Independent Emirate

    Abderramán escaped from Damascus to Al-Andalus and name himself Independent Emir of the Caliphate.
  • Jan 31, 824

    Kingdom of Pamplona

    The Kingdom of Pamplona was formed, later known as Kingdom of Navarra.
  • Jan 31, 929

    Córdoba Caliphate

    Abderramán III named himself caliph and had political and religious
    power. This was the most glorious period.
  • Jan 31, 1031

    The taifa kingdoms

    Due to internal fights the Caliphate divided into small independent kingdoms called taifas.
  • Jan 31, 1035

    Kingdom of Aragón

    In the 9th century, it broke away from the Frankish Kingdom and became part of the Kingdom of Navarra. Then it became independent turning into the Kingdom of Aragón
  • Jan 31, 1065

    Creation of the Kingdom of Castilla

    To defend themselves against Muslims, they built castles. This converted into the Kingdom of Castilla.
  • Jan 31, 1085

    North African Empires

    Almoravids and Almohads invaded the taifa kingdoms.
  • Feb 1, 1101

    Expansion of the South of France by the Kingdom of Aragón

    The vassalage of various French cities and counties were obtained through arranged marriages.
  • Feb 1, 1148

    The expansion to the Peninsula

    Ramón Berenguer IV conquered Tortosa and Lérida (1148–1149) Jaime I (the Conqueror) subdued the Muslim Kingdoms of Mallorca (1229) and Valencia (1238). Jaime II fought Castilla for control of the Kingdom of Murcia.
  • Jan 31, 1177

    Alfonso VIII (Kingdom of Castilla)

    Alfonso VIII conquered Cuenca and defeated the Almohads at the Battle of Navas de Tolosa.
  • Feb 1, 1201

    Expansion to the Mediterranean

    The territorial expansion of the Crown of Aragón occurred between the 13th and 14th centuries.
  • Jan 31, 1217

    Fernando III (Kingdom of Castilla)

    He conquered the Valle del Guadalquivir (Jaén, Córdoba and Sevilla). During his reign, his son (Alfonso X) conquered Murcia and Alicante.
  • Jan 31, 1229

    Alfonso IX (Kingdom of Castilla)

    Alfonso IX of León conquered Cáceres and Badajoz.
  • Jan 31, 1252

    Alfonso X (Kingdom of Castilla)

    He conquered Cádiz, making the Kingdom of Granada the only remaining Muslim state.
  • Feb 1, 1340

    Alfonso XI (Kingdom of Castilla)

    He fought off an invasion by the North African Marinid dynasty, who had crossed the strait to protect Granada. The armies of Castilla and Portugal and formed an alliance and defeated them at the Battle of Salado.
  • Feb 1, 1401

    Canary Islands conquest

    Castilla conquered the canary islands in th 15th century.
  • Feb 1, 1492

    Reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula

    Christians expelled muslims for good.