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Department of Public Welfare v. Haas
Supreme Court of Illinois ruled that state’s laws did not need free public education for people with disabilities, referred to by them as “feeble-minded” or “mentally deficient” and “limited intelligence”, unable to “reap the benefits of good education” -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (P.L. 89-10)
Federal government first attempt to provide protection to disadvantaged students and providing them with access to public education system. Free and reduced lunch was established by this act, many families benefit from this today. Below is the link to Florida’s Free and Reduced lunch. https://www.freshfromflorida.com/Food-Nutrition/Nutrition-Programs/National-School-Lunch-Program/Family-Application-for-Free-and-Reduced-Price-School-Meals -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act (VRA) (P.L. 93-112, Section 504)
Provides definitions for handicapped person and appropriate education and prohibits any type discrimination against people with disabilities in any of the federally funded programs -
Educational Amendments Act (P.L. 93-380)
Funding of grants for those students who are considered to have a disability and to those who are gifted or especially talented, considered exceptional learners. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) (P.L. 94-142, Part B)
Mainstreaming Law. States must give free and appropriate education to students who have a disability and that are ages 5-18. This act established the Individualized Education Programs (IEP) and was the first one to define “less restrictive environment” https://youtu.be/XaZtQNez6Yc -
Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments (P.L. 99-457)
Gives free and appropriate education to children with disabilities starting at 3 years old to 5 and also establishes early intervention for infants, toddlers with disabilities who are ages birth to 2. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (P.L. 101-336)
Strictly prohibits any form of discrimination in private sector, as well as it protects the rights and equal employment opportunities for those who have disabilities, including transportation, accommodations, telecommunication. AIDS is defined as a disability in this act. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)(P.L. 101-476)
This act was a replacement of the EAHCA. Established people first language when referring to someone with disabilities. Covers special education services including rehab therapy and services, social workers and assistive technology. Provides confidentiality for both students and parents. Considers autism and traumatic brain injury a disability. Establishes bilingual education programs and individualized transition programs after the age of 16. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)(P.L. 105-17)
Requires state to provide services to students with disabilities even when expelled. Allows use of developmental delay category through age 9. States strict requirements for states to provide access to general education curriculum and state or district testing. Builds IEP team including teacher and a behavioral plan if needed, offering mediation for parental differences and limits the amount an attorney can charge. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
Gives flexibility for use of federal funds, gives school choice options and starts early reading interventions. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act(IDEIA)(P.L. 108-446)
This act give access to district to the use of Response to Intervention (RTI) model in order to determine if a student has a specific learning disability. Increases funds for early intervention for those who do not require special education, eliminating IEP short-term objectives. Raises special education licensing standards and acquires new policies in order to diminish inappropriate representation of students in special education based on their race or ethnic background.
