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ARPANET
Robert Taylor aimed to realize Licklider's ideas of an interconnected networking system. He proposed the ARPAnet, a terminal that could connect users anywhere with interactive computing. In 1967, Larry Roberts from MIT initiated a project to build the ARPAnet, incorporating packet switching and routing concepts from Davies and Baran. ARPA awarded the contract to Bolt Beranek Newman, who developed the network control. The first ARPANET link was established in 1969. -
Email
The first email was sent in 1971 by Ray Tomlinson, a programmer at Bolt, Beranek and Newman -
Cyclade
A French research network invented by Louis Pouzin who implemented the end-to-end principle of reliable data delivery by hosts, influencing TCP/IP architecture and supporting internetworking research. -
APARNET < NSFNET
ARPANET was turned over to the Defense Communications Agency in 1975. It was initially restricted to non-commercial uses, but expanded to educational institutions and companies. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, and Department of Energy developed the first Wide Area Networks based on TCP/IP in the mid-1980s. -
Apple
Apple Computer, Inc. was founded on April 1, 1976, by college dropouts Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, who brought to the new company a vision of changing the way people viewed computers. -
The first online game
The history of online games dates back to the early days of packet-based computer networking in the 1970s, An early example of online games is MUDs, including the first, MUD1, which was created in 1978 and originally confined to an internal network before becoming connected to ARPANet in 1980. -
UUCP and Usenet
In 1979, Duke University students Truscott and Ellis developed Bourne shell scripts to transfer news and messages on serial line UUCP connections. The software, released in 1980, rapidly expanded UUCP networks due to lower costs, leased lines, and lack of strict use policies. By 1981, the number of UUCP hosts nearly doubled to 940 by 1984. -
The transition
The term "internet" was first used interchangeably with "internetworking" in the late 1980s. The Internet was a collection of networks linked by a common protocol. Wave division multiplexing was developed in the late 1970s, leading to the deployment of the world's first dense WDM system on the Sprint fiber network. Internet technologies spread worldwide, with gateways for electronic mail and routing technologies like Border Gateway Protocol and Classless Inter-Domain Routing. -
Digital Divide
Developed countries joined the Internet, while developing countries experienced a digital divide. They formed organizations for internet resource administration and operational experience, enabling more transmission facilities. -
Popularity of the cellphone
Cell phones became popular in the '90s and early 2000s. As wireless networks improved, especially between 3G and 4G/4G LTE, the technology shifted from cell phones to smartphones. -
Rise of global internet
Web 1.0 was the first version of the internet, and was the primary way people used the web from the 1990s to the early 2000s. It was characterized by static, text-heavy pages with limited interactivity, and is sometimes called the "read-only" web. -
Online pay
After the internet became available in 1991, the first online payment was made by a consumer in 1994. Following the establishment of Amazon, Google, and PayPal, the e-commerce sector became considerably more accessible. Online payments were simpler, more convenient, and more secure. -
Google
Google has its origins in "BackRub", a research project that was begun in 1996 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were both PhD students at Stanford University in Stanford, California. -
File sharing
In June 1999, Napster was released as an unstructured centralized peer-to-peer system, requiring a central server for indexing and peer discovery. It is generally credited as being the first peer-to-peer file sharing system. -
Online Privacy
Initially initiated by Napster in 1999, spread to sites like LimeWire, The Pirate Bay, and BitTorrent, significantly altering the media industry. -
Mobile Revolution
The mobile revolution accelerated the change in Web 2.0, allowing people to access the internet from cell phones and use smartphones for communication, shopping, and social activities. Location-based services, crowdsourcing, and mobile-targeted websites emerged. This revolution changed media consumption, with over half of media consumed using smartphones. -
Web 2.0
Web 2.0 is a term used to describe the second generation of the internet, which is characterized by user-generated content, ease of use, and a more participatory culture -
Youtube
YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim, three former employees of PayPal. -
Internet traffic rise
Global Internet traffic surged 23% from 2020 to 2021, reaching 4.66 billion users. Demand for data is forecast to rise to 717 terabits per second in 2021. -
Internet today
The Internet has profoundly impacted our world, transforming how we communicate, learn, work, manage our finances, access entertainment, and shop. It has made our lives more convenient and connected and will continue to evolve and shape our future in countless ways.