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ends of American Revolutionary
Treaty of Paris ends American Revolutionary War; U.S. boundaries confirmed as Canada on North, Mississippi River on west, Florida on south.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783) -
Jay-Gardoqui Treaty
Jay-Gardoqui Treaty gave Spain exclusive right to navigate Mississippi River for 30 years. Not ratified because of western opposition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jay–Gardoqui_Treaty -
Declaration of War against Britain
President James Madison calls for Declaration of War against Britain; causes are impressment, violation of neutral rights, support on hostile Indians in Northwest; War Hawks led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun support him, beginning the War of 1812.
https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/madison-declares-war-britain-1812/1702038.html -
Atomic bomb
Potsdam Conference; President Harry S Truman meets with Stalin British PM Clement Attlee; tells Stalin of atomic bomb; gives Japan last warning to surrender; Germany (and Austria) divided into 4 zones of occupation; Korea divided at 38th parallel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis. Kennedy on October 22 announced that there existed Soviet missiles in Cuba and demanded their removal while imposing an air sea blockade. Soviet missiles are withdrawn on condition that U.S. won't invade Cuba.
https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/cuban-missile-crisis -
Peace movement splits Democratic party
Peace movement splits Democratic party; Eugene McCarthy and Robert Kennedy denounce Johnson, and each other. Kennedy is assassinated and violence marks Democratic National Convention, which nominates Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey. Nixon wins presidential election.
https://isreview.org/issue/60/1968-democrats-and-antiwar-movement -
Renewal of Cold War
Renewal of Cold War. After Afghanistan, President Carter agrees détente has failed; calls for boycott of Moscow Olympics in 1980 and increase in military spending; sense of "malaise" or weakening in national and international affairs troubles Americans -
Iran becomes an Islamic Republic
Iran becomes an Islamic Republic after the overthrow of U.S.-backed Shah; militants seize 63 American diplomats for 444 days during the Iran hostage crisis; U.S. seizes $12 billion in Iranian assets; American rescue effort fails; on Jan 20, 1981 hostages and assets are freed. -
NATO seeks new role
NATO seeks new role; begins expansion to east with membership for Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic -
Axis of Evil
Bush and neoconservative advisers propose to follow Wilsonianism in foreign affairs by aggressively promoting democracy in the Middle East, and by isolating rogue states that comprise the "Axis of Evil," comprising Iraq, Iran and North Korea.
