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AFDC
Aid to Families with Dependent Children was a federal assistance program in the United States that provided financial help to families with children who were living in poverty. The program was established as part of the Social Security Act of 1935. "This allowed people without children to receive food stamps for just three months in any 3 month period"(Kruse and Zelizer 219). Under the AFDC program, eligible families received cash assistance to help them meet their basic needs. -
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NAFTA
NAFTA has had a significant impact on trade and relations between Canada, Mexico, and the United States, with increased trade and investment between the three countries. However, the agreement has also been controversial, with some critics arguing that it has led to job losses and environmental degradation in the United States, while others argue that it has benefited all 3 countries by creating jobs and economic growth.NAFTA "represents a rare victory for the president" (Kruse and Julian 209). -
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Don't Ask, Don't Tell
"Don't ask, don't tell" was a policy of the United States military that was in effect from 1994 to 2011.The policy states homosexual or bisexual individuals were allowed to serve in the military, only if they kept their preference a secret and do not engage in any sexual conduct. This law "badly hurt the president's standing with multiple constituents"(Kruse and Julian 206).U.S. Congress passed legislation repealing the campaign and President Obama signed the repeal into law in December of 2010 -
Violent Crime Control Act
It was a federal law enacted in the United States during the presidency of Bill Clinton. The legislation aimed to reduce violent crime in the country and included a range of provisions. The "three strikes" provision, which mandated life imprisonment for anyone convicted of a serious violent felony after two or more previous convictions. The "assault weapons ban," which prohibited the manufacture, sale, and possession of firearms (Kruse and Julian 245). -
Law Enforcement Authorization Act
The bill was introduced in response to the proliferation of computer crime and cyberattacks in the early 1990s. It would have granted law enforcement agencies greater authority to investigate and prosecute such crimes, including the ability to conduct warrantless searches of computers and communications networks in certain circumstances. This act lead to "more aggressive policing in inner cities than in the suburbs and mandatory minimum laws" (Kruse and Julian 237). -
DOMA
The Defense of Marriage Act was a United States federal law that defined marriage as a legal union between one man and one woman. It was signed into law by President Bill Clinton in 1996 and remained in effect until 2013. Proponents of DOMA argued that it was necessary to protect traditional marriage and ensure that the institution of marriage remained intact. First, "it allowed states the right not to recognize same-sex marriages from other states"(Kruse and Julian 218). -
White House of Faith-Based Community Initiative (WHOFBCI)
White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships, is a government organization established in 2001 under the administration of President George W. Bush. Its purpose is to support and strengthen faith-based and community organizations in their efforts to provide social services and address community needs.The WHOFBC was charged with setting priorities, coordinating public education campaigns, and monitoring faith based initiatives across the government"(Kruse and Julian 247). -
9/11
9/11, also known as September 11th, refers to the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, when four planes were hijacked by terrorists associated with the Islamic extremist group Al Qaeda. The attacks resulted in the deaths of nearly 3,000 people, including passengers and crew on the planes, workers in the Twin Towers, and first responders who rushed to the scene. At heart, "the attacks represented a challenge not just to the psyche of the nation" (Kruse and Julius 243). -
USA Patriot Act
The (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act) is a U.S. law that was enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 26, 2001.The purpose of the act was to "wiretap which traced multiple phones without multiple subpoenas to monitor e-mail and business records to have authority over undocumented immigrants"(Kruse and Julian 257). -
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2007-2008 Financial Crisis
The 2007-2008 financial crisis was a global financial crisis that started in the United States and spread to the rest of the world. The crisis was caused by a combination of factors, including the bursting of the US housing bubble, the proliferation of complex and opaque financial instruments, and the excessive risk-taking and leverage by financial institutions. The crisis started in the summer of 2007, when the subprime mortgage market in the US began to collapse.