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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
German writer and statesman, His writings were incredibly influential on our Romantic composers -
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Luigi Cherubini
Italian composer -
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Ludwig van Beethoven
Composer, transitional figure from the Classical to the Romantic style, Virtuoso pianist -
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Carl Maria von Weber
Composed the first German romantic opera -
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Carl Maria von Weber
The creator of German Romantic opera with Der Freischütz (The Free shooter or Magic Bullet, 1821) -
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French Revolution
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Giacomo Meyerbeer
Jewish German composer who studied in Italy and composed French opera in Paris -
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Gioacchino Rossini
The most important opera composer in the early 19th century -
Paris Conservatoire founded
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Franz Schubert
Composer of many genres, over 600 Lieder -
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Gaetano Donizetti
Italian opera composer -
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Gaetano Donizetti
Wrote over 70 operas -
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Vincenzo Bellini
Italian opera composer -
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Vincenzo Bellini
Famous for his opera Norma (1831) -
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Hector Berlioz
One of the most important early innovators of new orchestration and genres; French -
Fidelio
The only opera composed by Beethoven, a rescue opera -
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Fanny Mendelssohn
composer, sister of Felix Mendelssohn -
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Felix Mendelssohn
Composer of most genres, revived of J.S. Bach’s music in Leipzig -
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Robert Schumann
Composer, More important as an editor and promoter of music -
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Frédéric Chopin
composer and pianist -
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Franz Liszt
Piano virtuoso, writer, conductor, composer, innovator -
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Richard Wagner
changed opera, harmony, music in general -
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Giuseppe Verdi
The most important Italian composer in the mid to late 19th century, primarily an opera composer -
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Clara Schumann
Virtuoso pianist, composer, wife of Robert Schumann -
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Jacques Offenbach
Known for his opérettes: La belle Hélène, Orphée aux enfers -
Royal Academy of Music opened in London
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Stephen Foster
American composer, first American to make a living as a professional songwriter but it was very short-lived -
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Louis Moreau Gottschalk
child prodigy on the piano, American nationalist -
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Johannes Brahms
German romantic composer, one of the first editors of J. S. Bach’s music, -
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Georges Bizet
Blended styles into opéra comique with Carmen (1875) -
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Antonin Dvořák
Czechoslovakian nationalist composer, friends with Brahms