Timeline 3 Classical

By Blakebishop01
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    Bartolomeo Cristofori

    Most pianists today point to the invention of the “first” pianoforte by Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655–1732) in Florence in 1700
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    Francois Couperin

    Francois Couperin (1668-1733), French composer, wrote in this new charming and entertaining style - ROCOCO style
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    Jean-Philippe Rameau

    Rameau (1683-1764): French composer and theorist. Tried to establish a rational foundation for harmonic practice “Treatise on Harmony”(1722) the beginning of theideas of modern music theory.
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    Giuseppe Tartini

    Great violinist
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    Pietro Metastasio

    Court poet in Vienna: primary librettist for opera seria in the late Baroque and Classic periods
    Incredibly famous as a librettist: set the standard for opera style circa 1750

  • invention of the “first” pianoforte by Bartolomeo Cristofori

  • Libretto/Libretti

    Text of an opera
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    Giovanni Battista Sammartini

    In the 1740s, Giovanni Battista Sammartini (1700-75) invented the symphony in Milan, Italy

  • Comic Operas

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    Franz Xaver Richter

    The inventor of the string quartet genre was Franz Xaver Richter (1709-89)
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    Ignaz Holzbauer

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    Frederick the Great

    Achievements included:
    Military victories
    Reorganization of Prussian armies
    Patronage of Prussian Arts
    A gifted musician: played flute.
    Composed at least 100 sonatas and 4 symphonies
    Spoke German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, English, Latin, ancient and modern Greek, and Hebrew
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    Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

    Worked in Berlin for Frederick the Great (Frederick II) who reigned over the Kingdom of Prussia from 1740 to 1786 Prussia = Germany, Poland, Russia, Lithuania, Denmark, Belgium, Czech Republic and Switzerland
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    Christoph Willibald Gluck

    Christoph Willibald Gluck (1714-87): lyric dramatic opera - brought about operatic reform in Italian opera seria
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    Niccolò Jommelli

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    Leopold Mozart

    musician/teacher/ violinist /author/father, Leopold Mozart (1719-87)

  • Treatise on Harmony

    beginning of ideas of modern music theory
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    Charles Burney

    Organist, amature composer, writer, and music scholar
    Wrote:
    The Present State of Music in France and Italy (1771)
    The Present State of Music in Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Provinces (1773)
    A General History of Music (1776-1789, Four volumes)
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    Niccolò Piccinni

    Founder of opera buffa
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    The Classical Era

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    The Rococo Style

    Rococo” derives from the French word, “rocaille” meaning “scroll”
    Ornate style: scrolls were often featured
    Francois Couperin (1668-1733), French composer, wrote in this new charming and entertaining style
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    Christian Cannabich

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    Franz Joseph Haydn

    Composed two important oratorios:
    Die Schöpfung (The Creation), 1798
    Die Jahreszeiten (The Seasons), 1801 Composed several masses
    His first composition was a Mass (1749), and his last composition was a Mass (1802) Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) was credited as the primary mover within the new classic style concerning instrumental music but he did not invent the style.
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    Johann Schobert

    Schobert simulated orchestra effects in harpsichord writing

  • Invention of Symphony

    by Giovanni Battista Sammartini

  • The 4th movement (minuet) was added

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    Giovanni Paisiello

    Giovanni Paisiello (1740-1816) was a very good Italian composer
    He spent time in Naples, St. Petersburg, and Paris, ending his career back in Naples
    He wrote 94 operas
    In 1816 he was offended when Rossini set the story, “The Barber of Seville” (Il barbiere di Siviglia) because Paisiello had set the story back in 1776
    The old composer sent his cronies to boo and hiss at Rossini’s premiere; and died three months later
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    William Billings

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    Vicente Martín y Soler

    Vicente Martín y Soler (1754-1806); Spanish composer whose Italian opera, L’arbore di Diana (“Diana’s Tree”) was the most frequently performed opera in the Viennese court during Mozart’s lifetime
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    Lorenzo da Ponte

    Da Ponte wrote the libretti for the three comic operas listed above

  • Empfindsamkeit

    The style of Empfindsamkeit desired to be, above all, simple and expressive of “natural” feeling

  • String Quartets chamber genre introduced

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    Maria Anna Mozart

    Mozart’s older sister: often described as equal in talent and skill
    Toured with Mozart during her childhood
    When she was twelve, Leopold Mozart said that she was one of the most skillful players in Europe
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    Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

    A child prodigy, as was his sister, Nannerl (Maria Anna) (1751-1829) They were taken on tours of Europe by their musician/teacher/ violinist /author/father, Leopold Mozart (1719-87) A nice website that offers info on WAM:
    http://www.mozartways.com/index.php

  • Opera Buffa

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    Industrial Revolution

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    The American Revolution

  • first patented version of a piano

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    Turkish style = Janissary style

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    The French Revolution

  • Sonata

  • Clarinet improvements lead to more modern clarinet

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    Richard Wagner