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476
Fall of the Roman Empire
Rome had ruled much of Europe. Now much of the land would fall into confusion as local kings and rulers tried to grab power. This is the start of the Dark Ages or the Middle Ages. -
Oct 10, 732
Battle of Tours
The Franks defeat the Muslims turning back Islam from Europe. -
Oct 14, 1066
Battle of Hastings
William of Normandy (William the Conqueror), a French Duke, conquers England in the Battle of Hastings. He became King of England and changed the country forever. -
Aug 15, 1096
Start of the First Crusade
The Crusades were wars between the Holy Roman Empire and the Muslims over the Holy Land. There would be several Crusades over the next 200 years. -
Jul 6, 1189
Richard I
Richard the Lionheart, becomes King of England. -
Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta
King John of England signs the Magna Carta. This document gave the people some rights and said the king was not above the law. -
Jan 1, 1271
Marco Polo (date of year, not day)
Marco PoloMarco Polo leaves on his famous 24 year journey to explore Asia. -
Jan 1, 1347
The Black Death (approximate date)
Black DeathThe Black Death or Black Plague begins in Europe. This horrible disease would kill around half of the people in Europe. -
Feb 1, 1377
Hundred Years War
The Hundred Years War begins between England and France for control of the French throne. -
May 30, 1431
Joan of Arc
French heroine Joan of Arc is executed by England at the age of 19. -
Jan 1, 1444
Printing Press (date of year, not day)
German inventor Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press. This will signal the start of the Renaissance. -
Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
Charlemagne united much of Western Europe and is considered the father of both the French and the German Monarchies.