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Jan 14, 1492
Treaty of Tordesilla
Treay of Tordesilla divides the New World between Spain and Portugal. The lands to the east would belong to Portugal and the lands to the west to Spain -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus makes his first voyage to the New World.During his first voyage in 1492, instead of reaching Japan as he had intended, Columbus landed in the Bahamas archipelago, at a locale he named San Salvador. -
Jan 14, 1517
Martin Luther
Martin Luther challenges Roman Catholic authority beginning Protestant Reformation in Europe.Luther taught that salvation and subsequently eternity in heaven is not earned by good deeds but is received only as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin and subsequently eternity in Hell -
Jan 14, 1521
Hernando Cortez
Cortez conquers Aztecs in Mexico. It was a landmark victory for European settler. -
Jan 14, 1521
Ferdinand Magellan
Magellan's expedition of 1519–1522 became the first expedition to sail from the Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean in search of a westward route to the "Spice Islands -
London Company
The London Comnpany sponsors a colonizing expidition to Virginia. It was an English joint stock company established by royal charter by King James I with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America -
Jamestown
Jamestown is founded in Virginia by the colonist of the London Company. Within a year of Jamestown's founding, the Virginia Company brought Polish and Dutch colonists to help improve the settlement. -
Henry Hudson
Henry Hudson explores North America from the Hudson River to Albany -
Tobacco
First Virginia tobacco crop harvested. Natives taught the settlers to plant tobacco and this was used to get the colonies started economically. -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses /ˈbɜrdʒɪsɪz/ of Virginia was the first legislative assembly of elected representatives in North America and to encourage English craftsmen to settle in North America. They only met once a year in Jamestown. -
Plymouth
Plymouth colony founded. It was the second English settlement The town has served as the location of several prominent events, the most notable being the First Thanksgiving feast. Plymouth served as the capital of Plymouth Colony from its founding in 1621 until the colony's merger with the Massachusetts Bay colony in 169 -
Mayflower
ship that in 1620 made the historic voyage from England to the New World. The ship carried 102 passengers in two core groups – religious Separatists coming from Holland and a largely non-religious settler group from London. -
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by the Separatists, sometimes referred to as the "Saints", fleeing from religious persecution by King James of England. -
John winthrop
His writings and vision of the colony as a Puritan "city upon a hill" dominated New England colonial development, influencing the government and religion of neighboring colonies -
Roger Williams
Roger Williams founds
Providence and Rhode Island -
Anne Hutchinson
Anne Hutchinson is banished
from Massachusetts because her strong religious convictions were at odds with the established Puritan clergy in the Boston area, and her popularity and charisma helped create a theological schism that threatened to destroy the Puritans' religious experiment in New England -
Period: to
English Civil War
was a three-phase series of armed conflicts in the Kingdom of England that arose from quarrels between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") over, principally, the manner of its government. The war ended with the Parliamentarian victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651.The overall outcome of the war was threefold: the trial and execution of Charles I; the exile of his son, Charles II; and the replacement of English monarchy with, at first, the Commonwealth of -
The Half-way covenant Enacted
a form of partial church membership created by New England in 1662. It was promoted in particular by the Reverend Solomon Stoddard, who felt that the people of the English colonies were drifting away from their original religious purpose. -
Navigation Act
continuation of laws that restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England (after 1707, Great Britain) and its colonies. It was to was to force colonial development into lines favorable to England, and stop direct colonial trade with the Netherlands, France, and other European countries -
King Philip's War
was an armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day New England and English colonists and their Native American allies in 1675–78. -
Bacon's Rebellion
was an armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by young Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley. The colony's disorganized frontier political structure combined with accumulating grievances helped to motivate a popular uprising against Berkeley. -
William Penn
early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He was an early champion of democracy and religious freedom, notable for his good relations and successful treaties with the Lenape Indians. Under his direction, the city of Philadelphia was planned and developed. -
Witchcraft trails
Begin in Salem, which was done mostly to women who were seen as different. -
Queen Anne's War
as the North American theater of the War of the Spanish Succession was known in the British colonies, was the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought between France and England, later Great Britain,[1] in North America for control of the continent. The War of the Spanish Succession was primarily fought in Europe. In addition to the two main combatants, the war also involved numerous Native American tribes allied with each nation, and Spain, which was allied with France -
Tuscarora Indian War
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Treaty of Utrecht
established the Peace of Utrecht, is a series of individual peace treaties, rather than a single document, signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, The treaties between several European states, including Spain, Great Britain, France, Portugal, Savoy and the Dutch Republic, helped end the war. -
Molasses Act
Molasses Act imposed a tax of six pence per gallon on imports of molasses from non-British colonies. Parliament created the act largely at the insistence of large plantation owners in the British West Indies. The Act was not passed for the purpose of raising revenue, but rather to regulate trade by making British products cheaper than those from the French West Indies. -
Great Awakening
Christian revitalization movement that swept Protestant Europe and British America, and especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep personal revelation of their need of salvation by Jesus Christ. Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made Christianity intensely personal to the average person by fostering a deep sense of spiritual conviction an -
Stono Rebellion
was a slave rebellion that commenced on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution. the uprising was led by native Africans who were Catholic and likely from the Kingdom of Kongo, which had been Catholic since 1491. In response to the rebellion, the South Carolina legislature passed the Negro Act of 1740 restricting slave assembly, education, and movement. It also enacted a 10-year morato -
George Whitefield
George starts preaching in America. He was an English Anglican preacher who helped spread the Great Awakening in Britain, and especially in the American colonies. He was one of the founders of Methodism and of the evangelical movement generally -
American Philosophical Society
the Society was founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin and John Bartram as an offshoot of an earlier club, the Junto. It was founded two years after the University of Pennsylvania and the institutions remain closely tied. The Society also recruited philosophers from other countries as members -
Iron Act
was one of the legislative measures introduced by the British Parliament, seeking to restrict manufacturing activities in British colonies, particularly in North America, and encourage manufacture to take place in Great Britain. -
Albany Plan of Union
was a proposal to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin, then a senior leader. More than twenty representatives of several northern and mid-Atlantic colonies had gathered to plan their defense related to the French and Indian War, the front in North America of the Seven Years War between Great Britain and France. The Plan represented one of multiple early attempts to form a union of the colonies "under one government as far as might be necessary f -
Period: to
French Indian War
The war was fought primarily along the frontiers separating New France from the British colonies from Virginia to Nova Scotia. The French were greatly outnumbered, so they made heavy use of Indian allies. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers. The Native Americans were likewise driven off their land to make way for New England settlers. -
Proclamation Line of 1763
after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War, in which it forbade settlers from settling past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains.[1] The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier -
Currency Act
this statute did not prohibit the colonies from issuing paper money, but it did forbid them from designating future currency emissions as legal tender for public or private debts. This tight money policy created financial difficulties in the colonies, where gold and silver were in short supply -
Sugar Act
By reducing the rate by half and increasing measures to enforce the tax, the British hoped that the tax would actually be collected.[3] These incidents increased the colonists' concerns about the intent of the British Parliament and helped the growing movement that became the American Revolution -
James Otis
Otis rasied the issue of taxation without representation. He was a lawyer in colonial Massachusetts, a member of the Massachusetts provincial assembly, and an early advocate of the Patriot views against British policy that led to the American Revolution -
Quartering Act
Parliament enacted them to order local governments of the American colonies to provide the British soldiers with any needed accommodations. It also required colonists to provide food for any British soldiers in the area. Each of the Quartering Acts was an amendment to the Mutiny Act and required annual renewal by Parliament, however These tensions would later fuel the fire that led to the Revolutionary War. -
Stamp Act
imposed a direct tax by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies of British America, and it required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp.The Stamp Act was very unpopular among colonists. Many colonists considered it a violation of their rights as Englishmen to be taxed without their consent,consent that only the colonial legislatures could grant. Colonial assemblies sent petitions and protests -
Patrick Henry
Henry presents seven Virginia Resolutions to the House of Burgesses.Henry led the opposition to the Stamp Act of 1765 and is remembered for his "Give me liberty, or give me death!" speech. Along with Samuel Adams and Thomas Paine, he is regarded as one of the most influential champions of Republicanism and an invested promoter of the American Revolution and its fight for independence. -
Sons of Liberty
was an organization of American patriots that originated in the North American British colonies. The group was formed to protect the rights of the colonists and to take to the streets against the abuses of the British government. -
Repeal of Stamp Act
King George III repeals the Stamp Act -
Townshend Revenue Acts
The purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges so that they would be independent of colonial rule, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, to punish the province of New York for failing to comply with the 1765 Quartering Act, and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies. -
Boston Massacre
colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation. Amid ongoing tense relations between the population and the soldiers, a mob formed around a British sentry, who was subjected to verbal abuse and harassment. He was eventually supported by eight additional soldiers, who were subjected to verbal threats and thrown objects. They fired into the crowd, without orders, which killed five male civilians -
Tea Act
This was supposed to convince the colonists to purchase Company tea on which the Townshend duties were paid, thus implicitly agreeing to accept Parliament's right of taxation. The Act granted the Company the right to directly ship its tea to North America and the right to the duty-free export of tea from Britain, although the tax imposed by the Townshend Acts and collected in the colonies remained in force. -
Boston Tea Party
was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, on December 16, 1773. Disguised as American Indians, the demonstrators hurt no one but destroyed the entire supply of tea sent by the East India Company in defiance of the American boycott of tea carrying a tax the Americans had not authorized. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor, ruining the tea. The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution. -
Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)
The acts stripped Massachusetts of self-government and historic rights, triggering outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies. They were key developments in the outbreak of the American Revolution in 1775. Which related to Massachusetts after the Boston Tea party
