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Pucinni
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Mahler
Utilized aspects of the music of non-Western cultures. -
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Albeniz
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Debussy
The "king" of impressionism. Credited with composing the first modern orchestral work. -
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Delius
Famous impressionist composer. -
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Mascagni
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Strauss
Famous for his tone poems and operas. -
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Dukas
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Nielsen
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Sibelius
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Satie
Known as the mentor for Les Six. Created what we know today as background music. -
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Busoni
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Beach
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Granados
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Joplin
Historians are not sure if Joplin was born in 1867 or 1868. -
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Pfitzner
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Williams
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Skryabin
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Reger
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Rachmaniov
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Schoenberg
Creator of the 12-tone system (led to serialism). -
Period: to
Ives
Famous for his piano and orchestral works. Thought to be the most innovative and creative 20th century composer. -
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Holst
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Ravel
Credited with writing the first Impressionist piano piece. -
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de Falla
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Respighi
Famous impressionist composer. -
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Bartok
Known for atonal music. -
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Stravinsky
Had an ever changing musical style. Created The Rite of Spring. -
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Szymanowski
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Webern
Student of Schoenberg. -
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Berg
Student of Schoenberg. -
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N. Boulanger
American composer that was a teacher of many other 20th century composers. -
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Durey
Member of Les Six. Known for his Anti-war (WWII) music. -
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Cocteau
Was not a member of Les Six, but was involved in almost everything the group did. -
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Impressionism
Largely influenced by the Japanese Gamelan. Characterized by dissonance, parallel movement, ninth chords, and unresolved 7ths and 9ths. Vague. Vague. Vague! Primary composers of this style were Debussy, Delius, Respighi, Ravel (at times), and others. -
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Maximalism
Common in German speaking areas. Characterized by extreme chromaticism, extreme use of themes and motives, and thick textures. Primary composers of this style were Strauss, Mahler, and Prokofiev -
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Common Stylistic Traits
dissonance, tension, and loss of tonality;
cadences are frequently unresolved or blurred;
polyphony commonly used;
essentially tonal but with sharp dissonance;
extremes in harmonic chromaticism against melody;
many storytelling features;
large scope of types of music composed;
operas, orchestral works, tone poems -
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Prokofiev
Famous maximalist composer. -
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Honegger
Member of Les Six. Born Swiss. Wrote music for both the Nazis and the French resistance. -
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Milhaud
Member of Les Six. Rejected Impressionism. -
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Tailleferre
The only female member of Les Six. Had stage terrible fright but was a wonderful accompanist. -
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L. Boulanger
Famous French composer. -
First Olympics Games
Held in Athens, Greece -
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Auric
Member of Les Six. Largely credited for his work in film music. -
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Poulenc
Member of Les Six. Met with Schoenberg, Berg, and Webern and immediately rejected their style. -
Dolceola Invented
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Construction of the Panama Canal
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Period: to
Expressionism
Used the 12-tone method. Focused on completely freeing music from tonality. Primary composers of this style were Schoenberg, Berg, and Webern. -
Pierrot lunaire- Schoenberg
A song cycle made up of 21 poems. Performed by a solo voice and 5 instrumentalists. -
The Sinking of the Titanic
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The Rite of Spring- Stravinsky
Thought to have "disturbing elements" such as radical choreography, irregular accents, and percussive orchestra. This caused a riot to break out during the opening bassoon solo. -
World War I Begins
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World War I Ends
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Victrola Phonograph Invented
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Stock Market Crash
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Single Piston Trumpet Invented