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Period: 500 to 1450
Medieval Period
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1030
Guido of Arezzo's Micrologus
Micrologus means "Little Treatise". It is a text that highlights singing and teaching Gregorian chant, as well as how it is notated. -
1098
Hildegard of Bingen
1098-1179
-Poet, writings of science and healing
-Set poetry to original chant melodies
-Claimed work was inspired through visions
Musical Characteristics
-syllabic, melismatic
-Range of more than an octave
-Music centered around the Virgin Mary, the Trinity, and local saints -
1323
Ars Nova Treatise
Replaces Ars Antiqua (old art), defines time and rhythm. -
Period: 1450 to
Renaissance Period
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1485
Josquin's Ave Maria... virgo serena Motet
Often called the "Mona Lisa" of Renaissance music, Ave Maria is one of Josquin's earliest and most popular motets. A motet is a polyphonic setting of a sacred Latin text other than the Mass ordinary. -
1529
Martin Luther's Chorale "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott (A Mighty Fortress is our God)"
This is Martin Luther's most famous chorale. This later became an anthem for the Reformation. -
1538
Arcadeit Madrigal- "Il bianco e dolce cigno"
This madrigal utilizes a four voice chordal texture, as well as imitation. It is full of innuendos, such as "If in dying, were I to feel no other pain, I would be content to die a thousand deaths a day." -
1567
Palestrina's "Pope Marcellus" Mass
The Pope Marcellus mass exemplifies Palestrina's Style, and it became a model for subsequent generations. It is considered to be the ultimate ideal example of counterpoint. -
1572
Victoria's "Missa O Magnun Mysterium"
This Mass is one of Victoria's Parody masses, and features both changing time signatures and vocal texture. -
Gabrieli's "Sonata pian'e forte"
Composed by Italian composer and organist, this piece is one of the earliest known pieces to specify loud and soft passages in print. -
Period: to
Baroque Era
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L'Orfeo by Claude Monteverdi
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First Public Concerts in England
“This is to give notice, that at Mr. John Bannister’s House,...this
present Monday, will be music performed by excellent masters,
beginning precisely at 4 of the clock in the afternoon, and every
afternoon for the future, precisely at the same hour.” London
Gazette, Dec. 1672 -
Johann Sebastian Bach
1685-1750 -
Antonio Vivaldi's L’Estro Armonico
Vivaldi's first collection of concertos to appear in print. -
Rameau's Traité de l’harmonie
Codified practices of his contemporaries, especially
Corelli.
Most influential of all Theoretical Works. -
Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier Volume 1
24 Preludes and Fugues
Equal Temperament -
Franz Joseph Haydn
1732-1809 -
Handel's Messiah
Premiered in Dublin, 1742 during Lent -
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1756-1791 -
Period: to
Viennese Classical Period
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Le Chevalier de Saint-Georges as director of Concerts des Amateurs
Music Director of Concert des
Amateurs (1773-1781)
One of the finest orchestras in
Europe
“Le Mozart noir”
Virtuoso Violinist and composer
12 violin concertos
18 string quartets
10 Symphonie Concertante
One of France’s best composers,
conductors, and violinists
Master Swordsman
US President John Adams called him
“the most accomplished man in
Europe”. -
Mozart's Don Giovanni
Libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte
Based on legend of Don Juan
Subtitled “The Dissolute Man Punished”
Dramma giocoso
Set in Seville, Spain
Sung in Italian -
Haydn's Symphony No. 94 "Surprise"
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Beethoven Symphony No. 5 in C minor
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Schubert Erlkonig
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Nicolo Paganini 24 Caprices for Violin, op. 1
Caprice – humorous, capricious work characterized by a
departure from current stylist norm
Dedicated to ‘alli Artisti’ (professional musicians)
Deemed ”unplayable” by many
Caprice no.24 - theme and variations (theme served as basis
for variations by other composers such as Brahms, Liszt and
Rachmaninoff) -
Frederic Chopin's Mazurkas, Op. 7
1825-1849 -
Berlioz Symphonie Fantastique
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Fanny Mendelssohn - Das Jahr
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Louis Moreau Gottschalk "Souvenir de Porto Rico"
1857-1858 -
Musorgsky's "Pictures at an Exhibition"
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Bizet's "Carmen"
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Wagner's "Der Ring des Nibelungen"
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Brahms' "Symphony No. 4"
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Mahler's "Symphony No.1"
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Dvorak's "Symphony No. 9: From the New World"
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Joplin's Maple Leaf Rag
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Sibelius' Finlandia
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Debussy's "Voiles"
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Schonberg's Pierrot Lunaire
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Stravinsky's Le sacre du Printemps
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Schonberg's Piano Suite, Op. 25
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Louis Armstrong's Hotter Than That
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Gershwin's "I Got Rhythm"
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Shostakovich Symphony No.5 Premiere
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Prokofiev's Alexander Nevsky Soundtrack
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Duke Ellington's Cottontail
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Messiaen's Quatuor pour le fine
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Bartok's Concerto for Orchestra
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Copland's Appalachian Spring
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Cage's 4'33"
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Varese's Poeme Electronique
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Miles Davis' Kind of Blue
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George Crumb's Black Angels
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John Adams' Short Ride in a Fast Machine
