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Period: 410 to Jan 1, 1000
Dark Ages
Constant warfare
Church "ruled" Europe
Emphasis placed on saving the soul and study of medicine and science is prohibited -
476
Roman Empire Ends
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Period: Jan 1, 1400 to
Renaissance
Rebirth of Science
Medical schools were built
The Printing press made books possible and knowledge was shared
Accepted the study of the body by dissection -
Jan 1, 1450
Printing Press Invented
Colleges spring up because it's easier to teach people -
Jan 1, 1492
Discovery of America
Christopher Columbus -
Jan 1, 1507
Leonardo Da Vinci
Leonardo Da Vinci and Andreas Vesalius dissected human bodies and made the first anatomical drawings. These helped in understanding the organs and systems of the human body. -
William Harvey
William Harvey publishes his description of circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart -
USA Independance
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Smallpox Vaccine
Edward Jenner developed a smallpox vaccine on accident -
Rene Laennec
Rene Laennec invented the stethoscope. -
Ignas Semmelweis
Ignas Semmelweiss identifies the cause of maternal infections and instituted hand washing. -
Joseph Lister
Joseph Lister becomes the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery to prevent infection in the incision, -
Florence Nightingale
Started the first school of nursing during the Crimean War with 38 other women and made nursing and honorable profession. -
Louis Pasteur
Discovered that heating milk and then removing it from heat kills the microbes (pasteurization). Proved the microorganisms in the rabies vaccine caused disease rather than fixed it. -
Robert Koch
Robert Koch develops the culture plate method to identify pathogens. -
Red Cross
Clara Barton founds the American Red Cross -
X-Rays discovered
William Roentgen discovers x-rays -
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud studied the effects of the unconscious mind on the body. He determined that the mind and body work together. His studies were the basis of psychology and psychiatry. -
Radium isolated
Marie Curie isolates radium (used in x-rays) -
Gene mapping
Alfred H. Sturtevant was the first human to map the relative location of a series of genes in a chromosome. -
Penicillin
Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin -
Great Depression
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Polio Vaccine
Jonas Salk develops the polio vaccine using dead polio viruses -
Louis Brown
She becomes the first "test-tube" baby. (artificial insemination) -
AIDS
First discovered after an epidemic in Haiti, wasn't named until 1982 -
Gene therapy
A four year old girl at the NIH Clinical Center becomes the first gene therapy patient. Gene therapy is the insertion of genes into an individual's cells and tissues to treat a disease, and hereditary diseases in particular. -
Tissue Cloning
Dolly the Sheep is born, she is the first clone. Tissue cloning is the process of creating and indentical copy of an original organism.
