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Colonial Period
During this time only the wealthy received any education. Religion was the main focus and children were given jobs at a very young age. -
Dame Schools
During this time education was simple and was taught by women (Dames) in their homes. They would teach from a paddle called a "Horn Book" which each student would carry with them. -
Education Law of 1647
This law required townships of 50+ homes were required to have a town teacher. Townships of 100+ homes were required to establish a grammar school. -
Private Schools
Parents who could afford it would pay for their children to gain a quality education. -
Jefferson's bill for the more general diffusion of knowledge.
In this bill, Jefferson made it where all "white" students could attend 3 years of school free. Curriculum included: Reading, Writing, Arithmetic and History. -
Noah Websters contributions to Education.
Noah was a student and then a teacher himself before making amazing changes to American Education. Webster is who we give thanks to for the Webster's Dictionary along with numerous textbooks, the most important being the "Elementary Spelling Book". He also supported the concept of Free Schools and Women's education. https://www.noahwebsterhouse.org/discover/noah-webster-history.htm -
Benjamin Rush's effects on Education
Rush established a public support system of free schools, which even allowed Negros to gain an education. He also established 4 colleges, one of which was the first to allow women to attend. -
Secondary School Movement
During this time secondary schools were just starting to become a thing. They were developed to prepare men for further education after elementary school. I wasn't until the Late 19th century that women were allowed to attend. -
Horrace Mann * MOST IMPORTANT -
Mann is known as the "Father of American Education" and believed that education was a right of every man. He established the creation of the State Board of Education. Normal Schools came to be because of Mann as well as improved textbooks, equipment and doubling of teachers salaries. Common schools began to define his basic principals and articles of faith into practice. https://www.biography.com/people/horace-mann-9397522 -
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Common Schools
The Common School era is what is known as the beginning to what our schools are today. State systems of Education were established as well as direct taxation which funded the schools. http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1871/Common-School-Movement.html -
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Population Growth and Immigration
During this time frame the population in the states increased from 13 Million to 32 Million due to booming industries and factories. With this increase came more school aged students, resulting in extremely packed classrooms and necessary expansion of the schools. -
Brown Vs. The Board of Education * MOST IMPORTANT-
in 1954, a supreme court case opened between Brown and the Board of Education. A father fought for his daughter as well as all black children to be given the same rights. Separate is not equal and it was unconstitutional. With a Unanimous vote segregation was abolished. White and Black children were allowed to go to the same schools for the first time in history. http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act *MOST IMPORTANT-
Signed by President Lyndon B Johnson, this act was passed to provide more educational resources to colleges and Universities in the United States. This act also allowed students to apply for Federal Student Aid loans to fund their college education, making it possible for less wealthy students to attend as well. https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965/ -
Individuals with Disabilities Act * MOST IMPORTANT -
This act was passed to give students with disabilities the same rights and opportunity to gain an education as any other child. Schools offer free testing to determine a child's eligibility for accommodations. Parents work closely with educators to create a plan of action for the success of the individual student. https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/your-childs-rights/basics-about-childs-rights/individuals-with-disabilities-education-act-idea-what-you-need-to-know -
No Child Left Behind * MOST IMPORTANT-
The No Child Left Behind Act was put into effect by President George W Bush. The purpose of this bill is that states develop challenging curriculum standards for grades 3rd through 8th. They are tested in Reading and Math annually. This ensures that students are receiving adequate instruction and are gaining the expected understandings in these areas. Schools that fail to score within certain guidelines are evaluated. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/schools/nochild/nclb.html
