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Period: 400 to
Dark Ages
Study of medicine was prohibited. Prayer and divine intervention were used to treat illness adn disease. Monks and priests helped with sick people. Medications were mainly herbal. -
Period: Jan 1, 1214 to Jan 1, 1294
Roger Bacon
Promoted chemical remedies to treat disease and researched optics and refaction (bending of light rays) -
Period: Jan 1, 1350 to
Renaissance
Rebirth of science of medicine. -
Jan 1, 1440
Positions of Authority
First chairs (positions of authority) of medicine created at Oxford and Cambridge in England. -
Period: Jan 1, 1510 to
Ambroise Pare
Known as the father of Modern Surger. Eliminated use of boiling oil to cauterize wounds. He also improved treatment of fractures and promoted use of artificial limbs. -
Period: Jan 1, 1511 to Jan 1, 1553
Michael Servetus
Described the circulatory system in the lungs and explained how digestion is a source of heat for the body. -
Period: Jan 1, 1523 to Jan 1, 1562
Gabriel Fallopius
Identified the fallopian tubes in teh female and described the typanic membrane in the ear. -
Blood to the Heart
William Harvey described the circulation of blood to and from the heart. -
Microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope. -
Thermometer
Garbriel Fahrenheit created teh first mercury thermometer -
Oxygen
Joseph Priestly discovered the element oxygen. -
Smallpox
Edward Jenner developed a vaccination for smallpox. -
Blood Transfusion
The first successful blood transfusion was performed on a human by Jaames Blundell. -
Sanitary Nursing
Florence Nightingale established efficient and sanitary nursing units during Cimean War. -
Dorothea
Dorothea Dix was appointed Superintendent of Femal Nurses of teh Army. -
Red Cross
Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross. -
Rabies
Louis Pasteur created a vaccine for rabies. -
Dimitri Ivanofski
Dimitri Ivanofski discovered viruses. -
X-Ray
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered Roentgenograms (X-Rays) -
Penicillin
Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. -
Polio
Jonas Salk developed the polio vaccine using dead polio virus. -
Birth Control
Birth control pills approved by FDA. -
The Arab Hippocrates
Rhazes, and Arab physician, developed criteria for distinguishing between smallpox and measles. He also suggested blood was the cause of many infectious diseases and he began using animal guts for suture material. -
Period: to Jan 1, 1400
Middle Ages
Physicians started to gain knowledge at medical universities in the 9th century. Major diseases: smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid, the plague, and malaria.
