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brown vs bord of edu
-Thurgood Marshall: was the NAAPC's lead attorney -set of cases from Kansas, S Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, and Washington, D.C.; it moved all the way thought the court system, because of 12 parents trying to put their kids in a all white school. -
Dodgers hire Jackie Robinson
color line: a barrier—created by custom, law, and economic differences—that separated whites from nonwhites
-him being the first black base ball play wasn't easy he was touted and was treated like he wasn't good enough
-lead his team to six league campaign ships and one world sires victory. -
Executive Order 9981
Segregation-segregation established by practice and custom, rather than by law
-order issued by president harry truman anding segregation in the military
-he knew he needed to desegregated the military not just cuz it was necessary but for political reasons to -
Congress of Racial Equality Founded
civil rights: a person born rights
- a organization formed in the 1942's to come up with non violet ways to protest.
- was formed by a group of black people in chicago in 1942 -
Birmingham campaign
SCLC- an organization formed by Martin Luther King Jr. and other civil rights leaders in 1957 to use nonviolent resistance to achieve social and political goals
- showed the united states government that african americans weren't going to back down about there civil right moment
- as the young people fled the scene the police chased them down with attack dogs and clubs -
first lunch counter sit-ins
- sit- in: sitting in a public facility as a means of peaceful protesting -Jim crow laws: laws that made racial segregation okay in the south -african american college kids went into Woolswrorth everyday -these students were often attacked by white customers and store owners
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freedom rides
jim crow laws: were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Enacted after the Reconstruction period, these laws continued in force until 1965.
sit-ins: a civil rights protest in which protesters sit down in a public place and refuse to move, thereby causing the business to lose customer - A protest were black student rode a bus through souther states with they got atacked -
Integration of Central High School
Little Rock Nine: 9 first student to go to a all white school - Order public schools in little rock to begin to stop segregation in schools -
March on Washington
NAACP
- a march to Washington of more than 250000 to demonstrate freedom -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Boycott: withdraw from commercial or social relations with (a country, organization, or person) as a punishment or protest.
Rosa Parks: a civil rights advocate woman that wouldn't give her seat up to a white man then go put in jail
- was organized by mlk jr. -
civil rights act of 1964
-plessy v. Ferguson: 1896 case that determined separate but equal facilities -origanlly kennedy's idea, president johnson was able to get passed -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Disenfranchise: not allowing people to vote -giving african americans the right to vote -
Black Panther Party Founded
Black power: grew out of the civil rights movement in the 1960s.
SNCC: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
- a group that demanded economic and political right or they were prepared to take violet actions
- used the black panther as a political symbol -
Advocates for Black Nationalism
Nation of Islam: is an African American political and religious movement, founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad
Malcom X: An African-American political leader of the twentieth century.
- document calling for complete separation from white society -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Affirmative action: an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination. - supreem court ruling declaring that race may be one factor but not the main thing that let you get into a school -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
discrimination: the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.
- law that band discrimination of black people -
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of Education
desegregation: the ending of a policy of racial segregation.
- keep a eye on them
- court case that helped end segregation in school -
Watts Riot
Kerner Commission- the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders that concluded that white racism was the fundamental cause of the Watts riot
ghettos- a part of a city where people belonging to a single ethnic group live
- lasted 6 days, more than 34 people died,400 injured, and 4000 arrested
- set other riots in to action
