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Fort Sumter
Major Robert Anderson and his garrison held on to Fort Sumter but they were running out of supplies. If Lincoln supplied the garrison, he risked the war. At 4:30 A.M. on April 12, 1861, shore guns opened fire. The fight lasted for 34 hours. Anderson had to surrender. During the whole 34 hours no one was killed -
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Civil War
The Civil War went on for 4 years -
75,000 volunteers
Loncoln calls up 75,000 volunteers
It was a Union advance -
Lee Resigns from U.S. Army
Confederate advance -
Confederacy moves capital to Richmond, VA
near D.C., VA most powerful state
Political dovelopment -
First Bull Run/Manassas
At one point in the battle, a Confederate officer rallied his troops by pointing his sword toward the Southern General Thomas J. Jackson. The officer cried "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall! Rally behind the Virginians!" Jackson was then referred to as Stonewall Jackson. As more Confederate troops arrived, the Confederates equaled the Union in number and charged.The win by the Confederates in the First Battle of Bull Run thrilled the South and shocked the North. -
500,000 volunteers
Lincoln sent the 90 day militias home and called for a legitimate 500,000-volunteer army for three years.
Union advance -
Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as head of Army of the Potomac
1861-In the summer Lincoln gave George McClellan Union army commander of the East.
Union advance -
General Grant takes Tennessee
Fort Donelson and Fort Henry
Union advance -
Battle of Monitor and Merrimack
In Virginia-a draw -
Battle of Shiloh
William Tecumseh Sherman was a union general that had three horses shot out from under him. General Johnson was killed. It rained and thundered that night, getting the dead and dying people wet and muddy. huge Casualties
Union advance -
Fall of New Orleans
Union Captures biggest Southern city, mouth of Mississippi River.
It was a heavy blow to the south. Mary Chestnut said "New Orleans gone-and with it the confederacy. Are we not cut in two?" Union was well on its way to cutting Confederacy in two. Confederacy was heavily guarding the fort at Vicksburg, Mississippi. -
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Seven Day’s Battle
Near Richmond, VA Robert E. Lee (Jeb Stuart-horse-cavalry) vs. McClellan. All seven Battles are Union victories, but McClellan retreats -
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Second Battle of Bull Run
Stonewall Jackson-Confederate advance -
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Battle of Antietam,
Lee invades Maryland-get fighting out of VA.
Sept.17-Bloodiest day of fighting in all U.S. history
Gordon was killed instantly. His line wavered and retreated. The third battle was held on the confederate right. Union victory was almost certain. It had been the bloodiest day in American history. Lee lost a quarter of his army. McClellan got a good victory but he could have won the war. Lincoln removed McClellan -
Announces Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln did not want the issue of slavery to divide the nation further than it already had. Although he disliked slavery, the president's first priority was to preserve the Union. By the summer of 1862, however, Lincoln had decided in favor of emancipation. The war was taking a terrible toll. If freeing the slaves helped weaken the South, then he would do it. Lincoln waited, however, for a moment when he was in a position of strength. -
McClellan gets fired
Lincoln fires McClellan because McClellan refused to follow; hires Burnside
Union and Confederate advance -
Battle of Fredericksburg
Confederate advance -
Emancipation Proclamation
On January 1, 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation , which freed all slaves in Confederate territory The proclamation had a tremendous impact on the public it freed very few slaves. Most of the slaves that Lincoln intended to liberate lived in areas distant from the Union troops that could enforce his proclamation. Because freeing Southern slaves weakened the Confederacy, the proclamation could be seen as a military action. -
Hooker
Lincoln replaces Burnside with Hooker
Political advance -
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Confederate advance
The death of Stonewall Jackson Union advance -
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Gettysburg Battle
On the first day the Union troops were pushed back from Seminary Ridge and were pushed to Cemetery Ridge. They created a "fish hook" on the high ground giving them the strategic advantage. Chamberlain helped hold Little Round Top on the second day. On the third day General Meade held line against Lee's strategy of Pickett's Charge. There were over 51,000 casualties -
Vicksburg falls to Grant
Mississippi
Union advance -
Fort Wagner
Mass 54th
Confederate advance -
Gettysburg Address
Political advance -
President Lincoln named General Grant commander of all the Union armies
In March 1864, President Lincoln named General Grant commander of all the Union armies. He would pursue Lee's army in Virginia, while Union forces under General William Tecumseh Sherman pushed through the Deep South to Atlanta and the Atlantic coast. Battling southward from Tennessee, Sherman took Atlanta in September 1864. He then set out on a march to the sea, cutting a path of destruction up to 60 miles wide and 300 miles long through Georgia. -
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Wilderness battle, Spotslvania, Cold Harbor
In the spring of 1864 grants army set of to capture Richmond, VA. Lee refused to fight Grant in the wide open so he forced him to fight in a fortified position. 6,000 men waited for Grant in a place called the "Wilderness." -
Sherman burns Atlanta
Starts March to the Sea
Union advance -
Sherman takes Savannah
Union advance -
Lincolns murder
The day John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, DC. -
Lee's surrender