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Period: to
Social and cultural movements, trends, and conflicts
Social and cultural movements, trends, and conflicts from 1918 to 1945 -
The 18th Amendment is ratified
The 18th Amendment, ratified in 1919, prohbited the production, sale, and transportaion of alcohol (though not the consumption or private possession). In the years leading up to its ratification many temprance groups pushed for the banning of alcoholic substances because they believed there was a direct tie between alcohol and violence, like domestic and child abuse. Anti-German sentiment during World War I also helped in ratification of the 18th because many breweries were operated by German i -
The Red Summer
The summer of 1919 was known as the "Red Summer" due to a series of voilent race riots that broke out between African Americans and whites. These riots were caused by a build racial up of tension when many African Americans moved to the northern United States during WWI (the great migration). Tenisons blew up in Chicago when an African American boy was killed in by a white man and police instead arrested a black man. This led to a 13 day riot and an series of other riots througout the country -
The Jazz Age
The jazz age was a period in history begining in the early 1920's and ending with The Great Deprssion in which jazz became popular. The birth of Jazz is credited to African Americans but it was modified over time so it became socially acceptable for white middle class Americans to enjoy it. It originated from the deep south, in areas like New Orleans, but with the help of large scale radio broadcast and records it spread throughout the country. It was a definig factor of the "roaring twenties". -
The 19th Amendment is ratified
The 19th Amend,ent ratifed in 1920, allowed women the right to vote--a right know as sufferage. The women's rights movement began in 1848 on a national level in 1848 after the famous Seneca Falls convention. The main goal of the movement was earn female sufferage. It wasnt until over 70 years later that suffage was won. Even after the passing of the 19th amedment women were still not seen as equals in politics. -
First sound film
The first sound films in America were short films created using a process called "phonofilm". A series of films were produced by famous inventor, Lee de Forest, using the phonofilm process. These short films were known as "talkies' but eventually short films gave way to full length films. Movies became a huge part of American culture both as a easy entertainment and as a useful source of news and events in the world. -
Radification of the 21st Amendment
The 21st Amendment was passed in 1933, its purpose was the repealing of the 18th Amendmet, being the first and only constitutional Amendment to be repealed. The 18th Amendment didnt last because prohibition was rather unsucessful. Many people considered to drink even through it was illegal and crime rates soared during this period because of bootlegging and gang activity. It was aslo repealed as an attempt to increase American consumerism during the great depression. -
Indian Reorganization Act passed
The Indian Reorganization Act was passed in 1934 under The New Deal. It reversed the Dawes Act of 1887 by pushing for Indian self-govenment through official constitutions and democratically elected tribal councils. It celebrated the unique Native American culture and government officials no longer tried to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream society. A movement of cultural pluralism took place during which actions were taken to preserve Indian languages, arts, and tradtions. -
Golden Age of Radio
The 1930's were considered to be the golden age of radio because during this time raido technology became easily accessible and affordable. At the start of the decade 12 million American households owned a radio but by 1939 over 28 million households owned radios. Radio had such a huge appeal because it acted as a method of unification for American people. It spread important news as well as offered methods of entertainment through radio show and music. -
Japanese Internment Camps are authorized
After the Japenese attack on Pearl Harbor American residents began to fear Japenese attacks, spies and sabotoge. As a result in 1942 Franklin Roosevelt issued the Executive order 9066 which gave the War Department the authority to evacuate Japenese Americans and relocate them in internment camps for the rest of WWII. Nearly 110,000 Japanese Americans, nearly all who lived on the West Coast, were forced into these internment camps, even though many were American citizens. -
Zoot Suit Riots
The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots that broke out between American sailors and Marines stationed in Los Angeles and a number of mostly Latino youths. These Latinos were recognizable by the zoot suits they wore consisting of high-waisted trousers with long jackets and usually a velet hat. These riots spread throughout California and to other states like Texas and Arizona and to northern cities like Detroit, New York City, and Philadelphia.
