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Gregor Mendel the "Father of Genetics"
In 1865 gregor mendel found that individual traits are determined genes which are inherited from the parents.
He kept records of every plant that was produced through his pea plant experiment. -
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DNA
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FRIEDRICH MIESCHER
Friedrich Miescher isolated the first crude preparation of DNA, he just didn’t know it. He named it nuclein. -
Walther Flemming
Flemming was the first to detail the chromosomal movements in the process of mitosis.He was able to visualize the threadlike material as the cells divide.Much of what we know today about mitosis originated with Flemming's observations. -
REDISCOVERING MENDEL`S LAWS
CARL ERICH CORRENS,HUGO DE VRIES, and ERICH VON TSCHERMAK were 3 scientist that worked out the laws of heredity. All of them rediscovered mendel`s work from 1865. Of course for them this was easier because they had microscopes. -
HERMANN MULLER
Hermann Muller showed that X-rays could induce mutations. In the 1920s, Muller performed his Nobel prize-winning research showing that X-rays could induce mutations and he became instantly famous. -
BARBARA MCCLINTOCK
Barbara McClintock did pioneer work in plant genetics and determined the mechanism for transposition in corn. McClintock was awarded an unshared Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983. -
GEORGE WELLS BEADLE, and EDWARD LAWRIE TATUM
George Beadle, and Edward Tatum experimentally demonstrated the “one gene one protein” hypothesis.
Beadle and Tatum published their results in 1941 and shared the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. -
EVELYN WITKIN
A pioneer in the field of biological responses to DNA damage, Witkin made history in the mid-1940s with her first experiments. Evelyn Witkin has received numerous honors and awards in recognition of her achievements, including election to the National Academy of Sciences in 1977. -
Erwin Chargaff
Erwin Chargaff from Columbia University studied samples of DNA taken from different sources and found the amount of adenine was almost equal to the amount of thymine, and that the amount of guanine was almost equal to the amount of cytosine. The discovery of A=T and G=C became known as Chargaff´s Rule. -
Linus Pauling
Linus Pauling was one of the most brilliant scientists of the 20th century. He worked out the structure of proteins and was involved in the race to discover the structure of DNA. he won 2 nobel prices one in 1954 and the other one in 1962. -
FRANCIS HARRY COMPTON CRICK
Besides coming up with the double helix structure for DNA with James Watson, Francis also proposed the Central Dogma and Adaptor Hypothesis. He won a nobel price in 1962. -
ARTHUR KORNBERG
Arthur Kornberg isolated DNA polymerase I and show that life (DNA) can be made in a test tube.
He also won a nobel price in 1959. -
SYDNEY BRENNER
In 1960, Brenner, Franaois Jacob, and Matthew Meselson designed and worked on a series of experiments establishing the existence and function of messenger RNA.
He won a nobel price in 2002. -
ON AND OFF
Jacques Monod and François Jacob were the first to discover how genes were turned on and off.
They won a nobel price in 1965. -
ROY BRITTEN
Roy britten and David Kohone found that mouse cells contain multiple copies of very similar dna sequences.
Roy Britten showed that eukaryotic genomes have many repetitive, noncoding DNA sequences. -
DAVID BALTIMORE and HOWARD MARTIN TEMIN
They won in 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell. -
RICHARD ROBERTS and PHILLIP SHARP
In 1993, Roberts shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Phil Sharp for the discovery of the split gene. -
FREDERICK SANGER
He won a nobel price in 1958.
Sanger initially investigated ways to sequence RNA because it was smaller. Eventually, this led to techniques that were applicable to DNA and finally to the dideoxy method most commonly used in sequencing reactions today. Sanger won a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1980 sharing it with Walter Gilbert, for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids, and Paul Berg for his work on recombinant DNA. -
LELAND HARTWELL
In 2001, Leland Hartwell shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology with Timothy Hunt and Paul Nurse for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle. -
THOMAS ROBERT CECH
Thomas research group did the work leading to the discovery that RNA can self-splice and thus can act as a ribozyme. For this discovery, Thomas shared the 1989 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Sidney Altman. -
MARY CLAIRE KING
Her findings suggested that breast cancer might be inherited in some cases, and she set herself the ambitious goal of finding the genes responsible for inherited breast cancer. In 1990, King and her colleagues proved the existence of the first gene to be associated with hereditary breast cancer, now known as BRCA1. Certain mutations in the BRCA1 gene are known to greatly increase a carrier’s chances of developing breast cancer. -
STEPHEN P. A. FODOR
Stephen has won numerous awards for his work on and the development of GeneChip® including the 2002 Takeda Foundation Award, the 2002 Economist Innovation Award for Nanotechnology, and the 2002 Oxford Bioscience Award. -
FRANCIS COLLINS
Francis Collins had his first big success with the method when he pinpointed the gene that causes cystic fibrosis.
