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Mahler
A Maximalist composer. -
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Debussy
Introduced musical Impressionism in France. -
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Strauss
A Maximalist composer. -
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Satie
An Impressionist/Undisguised Avant-Garde Composer. -
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Schoenberg
Inventor of Musical Expressionism. -
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Ives
Innovated Atonality. -
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Ravel
An Impressionist Composer at times. -
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Webern
An Expressionist Composer. -
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Berg
An Expressionist Composer. -
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Boulanger
Important teacher of composers. -
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Impressionism
Melodies were important but not required to follow traditional expectations. Vague quality of musical elements were very common. Chord progressions were abandoned and all chords were treated equally. Whole tone and pentatonic scales were used. Textures were employed for color and atmosphere. Simple, large-scale binary and ternary forms were used. Harp/Flute were favored and often used together. Percussion was also used but not as the focal point. -
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Maximalism
A style where musical elements were pushed to the extreme. Thick themes, motives, and textures. Large orchestras were used. -
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Poulenc
French Composer, part of Les Six -
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Expressionism
Tonality was abandoned for atonality. Strong emotional expression was the goal. Melodies were optional and harmonies could not be analyzed. Rhythm, form, and timbre remained traditional. Binary and ternary forms, variations, and contrapuntal devices were used. Sprechstimme, an approximated-pitch speaking presentation was invented. -
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Neo-Classicalism
The revival of of classical textures, topics, and forms were combined with modern harmony, tonality, and timbres. -
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Primitivism
Western Art Movement that borrowed naive, folk-like non-Western elements. -
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Dadaism
A movement that reacted against war and European bourgeoise through irrationality, nonsense, and intuition. -
12 Tone Technique
Invented by Schoenberg.