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First textbook
The first textbook on domestic science was published. The title of the book was Treatise on Domestic, Economy For the Use of Young Ladies at Home, and at School by Catherine E. Beecher. Ms. Beecher and other early pioneers of the profession were concerned about water quality, food safety and making life easier fore women.
Reference:
PBS Only a Teacher Schoolhouse Pioneers. Retrieved January 19 2015 from http://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/beecher.html -
Period: to
Development of the Profession
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Catharine Esther Beecher
In 1841 she published, Treatise on Domestic Economy for the Use of Young Ladies at Home and at School. Which was the guide to housekeeping for woman, and gave the general idea of how woman should act in the home. Many of the concepts taught in this book, are still concepts we teach today in our profession. Itaska, J. (2015, May 23). Catherine Esther Beecher on Exercise. Retrieved January 23, 2017, from https://womenwordswisdom.com/2015/05/23/catherine-esther-beecher-on-exercise/ -
W.O. Atwater- American Chemist
Atwater is best known for his studies of human nutrition. He invented and used the respiration calorimeter, with the help of fellow scientists Edward Bennett Rosa and Francis Gano Benedict, to measure precisely the energy provided by food and created a system to measure that energy in units, known as food calories as developed in the Atwater system.The calorimeter aided studies in food analysis, dietary evolution, work energy consumption, and digestible foods. -
Isabella Mary Beeton
Isabella Beeton is best known for her book, "Beeton's Book of House Hold Management". The book was said to be exactly what was needed for the expanding Victorian Middle Class. It gave information for the mistress, the cook, the kitchen maid, laundry maid, nurse etc. The biggest section was the cookery section which included recipes, ingredients, prices etc. References:
Isabella Mary Beeton. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from http://www.epsomandewellhistoryexplorer.org.uk/BeetonMrs.html -
The First Morrill Act
The Morrill Act of 1862 was also known as the Land Grant College Act. It was a major boost to higher education in America. The grant was originally set up to establish institutions is each state that would educate people in agriculture, home economics, mechanical arts, and other professions that were practical at the time. -
Mary Beaumont Welch at Iowa Agricultural College (Iowa State University)
Mary Beaumont Welch began a housekeeping lecture course in 1871. She continued as an instructor for Domestic Economy and served as the head of the department from 1875-1883. She is also known for starting the first extension course that she taught to local women and for writing a cooking textbook. -
Hatch Act of 1887
This was designed to meet the needs of agriculture (testing, experimenting, etc.). However, this actually turned into something much more beneficial. The funding created from this act has helped almost everyone in the US and surrounding areas. Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. (n.d.). Retrieved January 27, 2016, from http://oaes.okstate.edu/hatch-act -
Dean of Women
Marion Talbot became the Dean of Women at the University of Chicago. Marion taught in the department of social sciences and anthropology. She served as the drecter of the American Association of Universiy Women and wrote numerous Publications.
Mercado, M. & Turk, K. On Equal Terms: Educating Women at
the University of Chicago. Chicago, IL: The University
of Chicago Library. -
First Lake Placid Conference
The first of 10 Lake Placid conferences was convened by Ellen Swallow Richards at Lake Placid, New York. The goal was to define standards for teacher training and certification in the new field of home economics.
Reference:
History of Home Economics. Retrieved January 19, 2015 from http://ellenswallowrichards.com/?page_id=4 -
AHEA Founded
At the Tenth Lake Placid Conference, the group formed the American Home Economics Association and elected Ellen Richards as the first president.
Reference:
History of Home Economics. Retrieved January 19, 2015 from http://ellenswallowrichards.com/?page_id=4 -
Smith Lever act of 1914
The Smith Lever Act of 1914 was an established a system of cooperative extension services, connected to the land-grant universities, in order to inform people about current developments in agriculture, home economics, public policy/government, leadership, 4-H, economic development, and coastal issues. Citation:National Archives Foundation. (2014). The Smith-Lever Act of 1914. Retrieved January 28, 2016, from http://www.archivesfoundation.org/documents/smith-lever-act-1914/ -
Smith-Hughes Act
The Smith-Hughes Act also known at the Vocational Education Act of 1917 was an act of the US Congress. The Act brought classes to schools that were meaningful and relevant for students that were most likely not going to college. This act was amended in 1963 and it alowed the states to have more fredom to decide how to spend the funds. Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 eText - Primary Source - eNotes.com. (n.d.). Retrieved January 27, 2016, from http://www.enotes.com/topics/smith-hughes-act-1917 -
Melvil Dewey
Dewey Decimal System; pioneered the creation of career opportunities for women. With his wife they created Lake Placid Club. Ellen Swallow Richards and a group was invited to meet with Melvil Dewey to discuss domestic science and how the discipline would improve the quality of life for families and individuals (at Lake Placid Club).
Ellen Swallow Richards. (n.d.). Retrieved January 24, 2017, from http://ellenswallowrichards.com/?page_id=27https://www.loc.gov/aba/dewey/about-dewey.html -
Air Conditioners Hit the Market
H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman created the first air conditioners for home use in 1931. These could be placed in window ledges. They hit stores in 1932, but few were sold due to the cost. -
Prohibition Ends
The 18th Amendment was repealed with the passage of the 21st thus allowing the consumption of alcoholic beverages again. The temperance movement and Prohibition had aimed to lessen the effects of alcohol on men's demeanors and allow for households to spend more money on items other than alcohol. Side effects from tainted bootlegged liquor caused blindness, paralysis, and even death in some instances. -
George-Deen Vocational Law 1937
In 1936, the United States government instituted the George-Deen Vocational Law. This law provided federal funds to states to improve vocational education in public schools and colleges.The George-Deen Vocational Law extended funding to workers in "distributive" occupations. These jobs included any positions involving the sale of a product or of a service.The George-Deen Vocational Law of 1936 helped provide students and workers with job training, helping them to attain better positions -
The March of Dimes is Founded
Originally founded as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, the March of Dimes original mission was to research cures and vaccines for polio which was a serious illness that often caused paralysis. -
Penicillin was first used to help cure diseases
http://1940s.org/from-the-1940s-decade-famous-firsts Although discovered in 1928, it was not used to treat diseases until the 1940's. -
First Atomic Bomb tested
The first atomic bomb was tested in the New Mexican desert near Alamogordo. The team of scientists was headed by Robert Oppenheimer. -
1946 George-Barden Act
The George-Barden Act increased funding for vocational education. The act indicated that federal funds could be used to support travel associated with the Future Farmers of America and the New Farmers of America. Money could be used to rent or use equipment necessary for vocational instruction, teacher training, and guidance/resources. $34 million was given. References:
George-Barden Act.. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from https://ctesignificantlegislation/home/1917---1956 -
Bell Laboratories’ physicists invented the transistor
Bell Laboratories’ physicists invented the transistor. Smaller, cheaper, and faster than a vacuum tube, it revolutionized the field of electronics. -
First Credit Card
The first credit card was invented in 1950 by Ralph Schneider. The Diners card allowed members to charge restaurant bills only. This invention eventually allowed people to buy things quicker and build a credit score. http://inventors.about.com/od/timelines/a/modern.htm -
"The Pill"
In 1954, oral contraceptives were invented. Later, in 1960, it was FDA approved. This pill effects individuals/families by being able to better prevent pregnancy. Thompson, K. M. (2013, December 14). A Brief History of Birth Control in the U.S. Retrieved January 24, 2017, from http://www.ourbodiesourselves.org/health-info/a-brief-history-of-birth-control/ http://inventors.about.com/od/times/a/modern.htm -
End of Segregation
Brown vs Board of Education: introduced to the court that “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal” which lead to an unanimous to end federal tolerance of racial segregation in public schools and sparked the American Civil Rights movement. History.com Staff. (2009). Brown v. Board of Education. Retrieved January 24, 2017, from http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Measles Vaccine Invented
Maurice Hilleman invented the measles vaccine. After the vaccine was created cases of measles fell from hundreds of thousands to tens of thousands per year following the invention of the vaccine. Nowadays, the measles vaccine is combined with mumps and rubella. Reference:
History of Measles. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from http://www.nvic.org/vaccines-and-diseases/measles/measles-history-in-america.aspx -
JFK Assassination
President John F. Kennedy was assassinated as he rode in a motorcade through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas, Texas. His wife and first lady Jacqueline Kennedy sat beside him. Reference:
John F. Kennedy Assassination. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/john-f-kennedy-assassinated -
Vocational Eductaion Act
The Vocational Education Act of 1963 authorized the federal funds to support residental vocational schools, vocational work study programs, training and demonstrations in vocational eductaion as well as business education.
Scott, J.L & Sarkees-Wircemski, M.(2004). Overview of Career
and Technical Education. (3rd ed.). Homewood, IL:
American Technical -
The First Handheld Calculator
In 1967 Texas Instruments invented the first handheld calculator.The calculator was made to fit perfectly in your hands and was only six inches tall. Only one year earlier the calculator weighed 55 pounds and cost nearly $2,500. References:
The Invention of the Handheld Calculator. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from http://www.pbs.org/transistor/background1/events/calc.html -
First Female in the Supreme Court
Sandra Day O'Conner was the first woman to be unanimously approved, 99-0, to become the first female in the United States Supreme Court associate justice. -
Hepatitis B Vaccine
The advisory committee on immunization pracitces published the first official recommendation of the use of the Hepatitis B vaccine. -
The Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act: 1984
1984 was when it was first authorized and then again in 1998. The acts purpose was to increase the quality of technical education in the US. This Act has helped with Family and Consumer Science and many other career and technical programs by giving grants to better students’ education. http://www.aypf.org/documents/PerkinsActFactSheet.pdf
Civic Impulse. (2017). H.R. 4164 — 98th Congress: Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act. Retrieved from https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/98/hr4164 -
Apple Macintosh
Apple announced its creation of the Macintosh to its Board of Directors. The Macintosh would be one of the first computers used by "normal" people.
KNight, D. 1984: The First Macs. Low End Mac. Website. -
The Nutrition and Labeling Act of 1990
The was the first time that the FDA was able to require food labeling in order to regulate the nutrition of most foods. This historical event had an impact on families because now everyone knew the ingredients they were putting into their bodies. A healthy lifestyle is always promoted in FCS. FDA. (1995, February). Nutritional Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) Requirements (8/94 - 2/95). Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/Inspections/InspectionGuides/ucm074948.htm -
The Scottsdale Meeting
Home Economics was the original name for Family & Consumer Sciences education. The name changed in 1994 to portray a better understanding of what goes on in this field of study. This affected our profession because it was a direct name change for the profession. Unable to find the actual day the event happened, just the year. Ellen Swallow Richards. (2015, November 14). Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://ellenswallowrichards.com/?page_id=4 -
The Launch of Google
Google was first launched in 1998. This affected the way students were able to receive information in all content areas, not just our own. If something was unknown, a person could just Google the information rather than take out an encyclopedia or try to figure it out on their own. Google. Our history in depth – Company – Google. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from https://www.google.com/about/company/history/ -
Television discovered to cause weight gain in children
In 1999 the first experiment took place that had shown the use of television and weight gain in children are related. Limiting the time spent in front of the tv prevents excess weight gain. This is related to our profession because we encourage and promote a healthy lifestyle, such as getting out and being physically active. Not sure exact day, just the year. Sanford. (n.d.). Milestones & Discoveries. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://med.stanford.edu/centennial/milestones.html -
Facebook
Facebook was invented by Mark Zuckerberg, a social networking site. Facebook allows people to connect with others all around the world.
Carlson, N. (2010, March 05). At Last -- The Full Story Of How Facebook Was Founded. Retrieved January 24, 2017, from http://www.businessinsider.com/how-facebook-was-founded-2010-3 -
Nintendo Wii Console
The Nintendo Company released the Wii Console. This style of video game was created to get the used up and moving while playing. It was a way for families to get moving together. McCurry , M. M. (2009, November 26). 2000 – 2009: A Decade of Technology Innovation in Review. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.michaelmccurry.net/2009/12/26/2000-2009-a-decade-of-technology-innovation-in-review/ -
Global Economic Crash of 2007-08
The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the global financial crisis and the 2008 financial crisis, is considered by many economists to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. -
Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006
The improvement law for Perkins funding went into effect on July 1, 2007. This accomplished three main tasks. First, "vocational education" was changed to "career and technical education." Secondly, it allotted funding to Tech Prep programs. Lastly, it capped state administrative funding at 5% of the allocation. -
President Obama Elected
Senator Barack Obama of Illinois was elected President of the United States. Obama became the 44th president and the first African American president to be elected to office. References:
President Barack Obama. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/barack-obama -
Myplate
Myplate was established in 2011 by the Department of Agriculture. Myplate is a handy guide to meal portions and the ideal plate. Users can track their physical excersise, meals, and etc.
https://www.choosemyplate.gov/about-us -
Same-Sex Marriage Equality
The United States Supreme Court handed down a decision that individual states are not constitutionally able to restrict same-sex marriage. Same-sex couple may now receive the same legal benefits and be recognized on birth and death certificates in the same way that heterosexual couples are.
