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Photo of Benjamin Mays
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Benjamin Mays
Video-known as the "Father of the Civil Rights Movement"
-became dean of the School of Religion at Howard University
-became the president of Morehouse College in 1940
-taught and had a good relationship with Martin Luther King Jr.
-retired from Morehouse in 1967 but continued to be active in social and political organizations
-during his life he wrote many book and autobiographies -
1946 Governor's Race/End of the White Primary
Video This election led to the "Three Governor Controversy." It was the first election in which blacks could vote. Eugene Talmadge was old and unhealthy; his advisors covertly had supporters write in Eugene's son's name on the ballot. At the end of the election, Melvin Thompson was elected Lieutenant Governor, Eugene Talmadge died, Ellis Arnall believed he should stay governor, and the legislature said Herman Talmadge should be governor. -
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Herman Talmadge
Article
-restructured the state highway department
-created the Georgia Forestry Commission
-encouraged industry to move to Georgia
-provided leadership for improvements in soil conservation programs, county health departments, and the state's prison system
-a segregationist who didn't want to integrate public schools
-provided leadership for a new state constitution that expanded schools to include grades 1-12 -
Minimum Foundation Program for Education Act
-passed by the General Assembly
-lengthened the school year to nine months and raised standards for buildings, equipment, transportation, and school curricula
-added a 3% sales tax to pay for these changes -
Photo of Herman Talmadge
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Brown v. Board of Education
Article
-led to the decision stating that segregation in schools is a violation of the 14th amendment
-the parents of black children wanted their children to attend the same schools as the more privelaged white children
-overruled the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896 which stated that public facilities could be segregated if they were "separate but equal" -
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Martin Luther King Jr.
Video
-U.S. Baptist minister, civil rights leader, and outspoken orator
-opposed discrimination against blacks
-organized nonviolent protests, boycotts, and demonstrations
-assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968 -
1956 State Flag
The Atlanta Attorney and Democrat John Sammons Bell wanted to replace the red and white bars of the state flag with St. Andrew's Cross, which was the Confederate's battle flag. This caused conflict between the blacks and whites because it implied that Georgia still stood for legal segregation. There were many attempts to change the flag back to how it was before 1956. -
Photo of MLK Jr.
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SNCC
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-Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
-focused its efforts on Albany and Atlanta
-its goal was to coordinate nonviolent campaigns against segregation and other forms of racism
-helped young adults take part in the Civil Rights Movement
-college students staged sit-ins -
Sibley Commission
-created by the General Assembly to travel throughout the state and gather residents' feelings about desegregation
-helped avoid an arguement between Governor Ernest Vandiver Jr. and the federal government -
The Admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to UGA
They were the first African Americans to be admitted to the University of Georgia since 1785. Jesse Hill from the NAACP took these promising students on a tour of Georgia State University, but they decided to apply to UGA because of a larger selection of courses. Their applications were rejected many times before finally being accepted. -
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Albany Movement
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-its goal was to desegregate the entire Albany community
-resulted in over 1,000 African Americans being sent to jail in Albany and surrounding counties
-some considered it a failure, but the lessons learned in Albany led to the success of Birmingham's campaign -
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Andrew Young
See Atlanta Mayor Section for DetailsVideo
-one of MLK Jr.'s close advisors who assisted in civil rights campaigns
-first African American from Georgis since Reconstruction to be elected to Congress in 1972
-established the Chattahoochee River National Park and negotiated federal funds for MARTA and the Atlanta Highways
-appointed United States Ambassador to the United Nations in 1977
- became mayor of Atlanta after Maynard Jackson in 1981 -
March on Washington
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"I Have a Dream" Speech
A handful of civil rights organizations worked together to get 250,000 people to march from the Washington Monument to the Lincoln Memorial. It helped to pass the Civil Rights Act. The people who marched wanted civil and economic rights for African Americans. MLK Jr. gave his "I Have a Dream" Speech. -
Civil Rights Act
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President Lyndon B. Johnson signed this Act into a law. It made it illegal to discriminate against people based on thier race, religion, color, sex, or national origin. It also ended unequal treatment in schools, workplaces, and public facilities. -
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Lester Maddox
Video
-refusesd to serve African Americans at his restauarant near Georgia Tech
-was a segregationist
-became governor of Atlanta in 1966 thanks to votes by supporters of segregation
-he surprisingly did good things while in office such as hiring many blacks to the state government and initiating an early release program for the state prison system
-he became lieutenant governor in 1970 while Jimmy Carter became governor - -
Photo of Lester Maddox
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Maynard Jackson
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-first African American mayor of a major southern city
-helped bring the 1996 Olympics to Atlanta
-built the new terminal at Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport
-created neighborhood planning units
-reduced the mistreatment among blacks by the police department -
Photo of Andrew Young
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Photo of Maynard Jackson
