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Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 changed the segregation practices of the past including segregation due to race, religion or national origin was no longer allowed in all places of public accommodations. The act banned the use of federal funds for any programs authorized by the Office of Education that practiced discrimination. -
The Immigration Act of 1965 (Hart-Celler Act)
With the signing of this act, President Lyndon Johnson established new immigration policy that opened up immigration to the United States for family members of American citizens, skilled laborers and professionals and political refugees. This took away the prior system that focused on quotas based on national origin. The new system changed the demographics of immigrants coming to the United States and therefore students. -
Equality of Educational Opportunity Study (The Coleman Report)
At the direction of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, author, James Coleman, researched the educational opportunities provided to children based on race, color, religion and national origin. The results showed that African American children would benefit from attending schools that were integrated. This report's finding was the foundation for the act of busing to desegregate schools. -
The Bilingual Education Act
The first United States federal legislation in regards to the needs of students with limited English speaking skills was signed by President Lyndon Johnson. It created a mandate for schools to provide bilingual education programs to help students with limited English proficiency. -
The Indian Education Act
The Indian Education Act addressed meeting the needs of American Indian and Alaska Native students. This legislation included the understanding that American Indians have unique educational and culturally related educational needs as well as distinct language and cultural needs. It provided federal funds for American Indian and Alaska Native education throughout all grade levels. -
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
Signed by President Richard Nixon, Title IX prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity. Title IX includes areas of recruitment, admissions, counseling, financial assistance, athletics, harassment, treatment of pregnant or parenting students, discipline, single-sex education and employment. -
Section 504 of The Rehabilitation Act
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act established guarantee of civil rights for people with disabilities in federally funded institutions. This includes requiring accommodations in school programs, activities and building accessibility. -
The Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974
The Equal Educational Opportunities Act guaranteed an education free of discrimination and bias and unfair treatment for all people, including faculty, staff and students. Discrimination is banned on the basis of race, nationality, color and sex. -
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) guarantees that students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education that is meeting their individual needs. It ensures that children with disabilities have the same opportunities that children without disabilities have. The four parts include provisions, assistance for education of all children with disabilities, infants and toddlers including children from birth to age three and national support programs. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
Signed by President Barack Obama, Every Student Succeeds Act reauthorized Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The previous version was the No Child Left Behind Act from 2002 signed by President George W. Bush. Of the several provisions that Every Student Succeeds Act, one is that it requires that all students be taught to high academic standards to help prepare them for success in college and careers as well as upholding essential protections for high needs and disadvantaged students.
