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Jewish Claims to Palestine
Britain supports Zionist movement by the Balfour Declaration, declaring Palestine the national home for the Jewish peoples. -
Period: to
Middle East Timeline
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Arab Opposition & New British Policy
Arabs opposed the Jewish Palestine; they wanted Palestine to be Arab.
Britain limited amount of Jewish immigrants to please the Arabs, but Zionists said this violated the Balfour Declaration. -
Arab League Created
Seeks to unify Arab policy on world issues, especially against Israel. -
Palestine & UN
Britain turns Palestine problem over to the UN. It voted to end the Balfour Declaration, place Jerusalem under international control, and partition Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states. -
Israeli War for Indepence
Arabs defy UN decision for a Jewish state and attack Israel. The Arabs were driven back and lost some territory to the Israelis. In 1949, Arab states accepted armistice arranged by UN. -
Continued Arab Hostility
Arab League forced an economic boycott against Israel and against Western companies doing business with Israel. Pres. Nasser, an Arab nationalist, blocked Israeli ships from Suez Canal. Guerrilla raids allowed by Egypt against Israeli communities. -
Sinai Campaign
Israel invades Egypt to destroy guerilla bases. The Sinai Peninsula is overrun. For 10 years Israel is free from Egyptian guerrilla raids and free to use the Gulf of Agaba. -
OPEC Created
Groups 6 non-Arab and 7 Arab states together to increase member oil revenues. -
Arab-Israeli War
Israelis seized the Gaza Strip and the entire Sinai Peninsula to the Suez Canal, opening Gulf of Agaba for Israeli shipping. Also took all of West Bank of Jordan, including Old Jerusalem and golan Heights. UN ended the fighting. Six day war. -
Second Arab-Israeli War
Syrians and Egypt attack on Yom Kippur, but Israelis advance against Syrians, trapping Egyptian forces in the Sinai desert. The Arab states raised oil prices fourfold, embargoes oil to US. Arabs demand support for Arab rule in the Mideast. -
Geneva Conference
Attempt to establish peace. Conference ends in failure after 1 day. -
Arab Support for PLO
Declared PLO to be the only legit representative of the Palestinian people. PLO takes part in UN to represent Palestinian Arabs. -
Lebanese Civil War
PLO occupies South Lebanon for 3 Months, organized a Lebanese Christian militia to prevent Palestinians from reoccupying south Lebanon. -
Splits in PLO
Israel invades Lebanon and forced PLO guerrillas to leave. Factions in PLO divide into two camps. Largest faction is lead by Yasir Arafat who wanted to negotiate Arab-Israeli conflict. The smaller faction, led by Marx, wanted war. -
American Talks with the PLO
Yasir Arafat proposes a peace plan calling for 2 states-Israel and Palestine- to live peacefully side by side. US began talking with PLO. -
Palestine as an Independent "State"
Yasir Arafat and Palestine National Council meet in Algiers to proclaim formation of an independent Palestine state with Jerusalem as a capital. Arafat calls for an international peace conference to resolve Middle Eastern conflict.
