Interwar Years By Unai Novoa 1919 Mussolini creates his unofficial army of fascist "Blackshirts" Period: 1919 to 1945 Activity of the Nazi party Period: 1920 to 1929 Roaring Twenties 1921 Adolf Hitler becomes the leader of the Nazi party (GER) 1922 March on Rome (Blackshirts, Italy) 1922 General Strike was called by trade unions (Italy) 1923 France occupied the Ruhr valley 1923 Beer Hall Putsch (GER) 1924 Dawes Plan (US) 1924 After Lenin's death, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin engaged a contest for power (USSR) 1928 Stalin introduces his first five-year plan 1929 Young Plan replaces Dawes plan Period: 1929 to 1941 Great Depression Oct 29, 1929 Wall Street Crash 1933 New Deal (Franklin D.Roosevelt) 1933 Hitler declares a state of emergency and set up the Gestapo 1934 Night of the long knives (GER) Aug 2, 1934 Hitler owns the title of Führer (Beginning of the Third Reich) 1935 Nuremberg Laws (Third Reich) (GER) 1938 Night of Broken Glass (Third Reich) (GER)