History5

History of England from 1066 to 1400

By Caterina Parmigiani
  • Jan 1, 1066

    The norman invasion

    The norman invasion
    Edward the Confessor died childless in January 1066, leaving his successor to be decided by the sword. Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwineson, wasted no time asserting his right to the throne and himself crowned on the day of Edward's burial.
  • Feb 1, 1066

    William invades

    William invades
    In 1066 the Norman army of Duke William, landed in England because he asserted that he had earlier been promised the throne by Edward.
  • Oct 14, 1066

    The battle of Hastings

    The battle of Hastings
    The meeting of the two armies at Hastings is one of the most famous moments in British history. William used archers and mounted warriors, whereas Harold's men were mostly foot soldiers.A crucial moment came when Harold was killed. After this,prevailed William, who remained king until 1087.
  • Jan 1, 1086

    Domesday Book

    Domesday Book
    Domesday Book, the original record or summary of William I’s survey of England.
    The survey was carried out, against great popular resentment, in 1086 by seven or eight panels of commissioners, each working in a separate group of counties, for which they compiled elaborate accounts of the estates of the king and of his tenants in chief. From these documents the king’s clerks compiled a summary, which is Domesday Book.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1087 to Jan 2, 1100

    William II

    William II called Rufus because of his red hair
  • Period: Jan 1, 1100 to Jan 2, 1135

    Henry I

    He was a goog king: he hired mercenaries. Knights could pay a sum of money, the Scutage, instead of giving the king military service.
    Regained control of the justice system by creating travelling judge.The law they administrated was called Common law; different from the law administrated in other part of Europe.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1135 to Jan 2, 1145

    Stephen

    Under his reign there is a civil war because Matilda (daughter of Henry I) wants the throne.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1154 to Jan 2, 1189

    Henry II

  • Period: Jan 1, 1189 to Jan 2, 1199

    Richard I

    Taxes, interference by the monarchy increase under Richard I the Lionheart (1189-1199) because of continuous feudal wars and the Third Crusade (1187).
  • Period: Jan 1, 1199 to Jan 2, 1216

    John

    In the popular perception, he is 'Bad King John', an image reinforced by his negative representation on the screen in films about Robin Hood, where he appears as a cowardly,cruel and reprehensible monarch. The rebellion started in England in 1215: his defence of the French territories was ineffective and the collection of taxes drained the incomes of the barons.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1207 to Jan 2, 1272

    Henry III

    On John's death, his nine-year-old son, Henry III became king, and England was governed by a group of barons until he came of age. It was in his reign that parliament began to create a structure of permanent control over the king's policies.
  • May 1, 1215

    Magna Charta

    Magna Charta
    The barons refused to pay scutage and conspired to resist the king. By May 1215 war had broken out: the Army of God, defied the King. John sealed the Magna Charta.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1272 to Jan 2, 1307

    Edward I

    Henry's son, Edward I, continued the experiment when he became king. The meeting of his council, known as the 'Model Parliament' of 1295, included representatives of the barons, the clergy, two knights from each country and two citizens from each town.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1307 to Jan 2, 1377

    Edward II

  • Period: Jan 1, 1377 to Jan 2, 1399

    Edward III

  • Period: Mar 14, 1455 to Mar 14, 1485

    The Wars of the Roses

    The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought in medieval England from 1455 to 1485 between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The name Wars of the Roses is based on the badges used by the two sides, the red rose for the Lancastrians and the white rose for the Yorkists. The wars ended when Richard III, the last Yorkist king, was defeated at the battle of Bosworth in 1485 by Henry Tudor founder of the house of Tudor.
  • Mar 13, 1457

    Henry VII

    Henry VII
    He who came to the English throne when the Wars pf the Roses ended, was the first king of the Tudor dynasty. During his reign he strengthened the monarchy and turned England into a modern state which he administered like a businessman.
  • Mar 13, 1491

    Henry VIII

    Henry VIII
    When Henry VII died in 1509, this popular eighteen-year-old prince, known for his love of hunting and dancing, became King Henry VIII. Soon after he obtained the papal dispensation required to allow him to marry his brother's widow, Catherine of Aragon.
    In 1521 Pope Leo X conferred the title of Defender of the Faith on Henry for his book 'Assertio Septem Sacramentorum', which affirmed the supremacy of the Pope in the face of the reforming ideals of the German theologian, Martin Luther.
  • Mar 13, 1516

    Mary I

    Mary I
    Mary was the only surviving child of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. Her life was radically altered when Henry divorced Catherine to marry Anne Boleyn. .In 1554, Mary crushed a rebellion led by Sir Thomas Wyatt. Making the most of her advantage, she married Philip, pressed on with the restoration of Catholicism and revived the laws against heresy. Childless, sick and deserted by Philip, Mary died on 17 November 1558. Her hopes for a Catholic England died with her.
  • Mar 13, 1533

    Elizabeth I

    Elizabeth I
    She is considered by many to be the greatest monarch in English history. When she became queen in 1558, she was 25 years old, a survivor of scandal and danger, and considered illegitimate by most Europeans. She inherited a bankrupt nation, torn by religious discord, a weakened pawn between the great powers of France and Spain. She was only the third queen to rule England in her own right. She ruled alone for nearly half a century, lending her name to a glorious epoch in world history.