History of Chemistry Including Discoveries

By C.amila
  • 300

    Philosophers Stone

    -said to be created in 30o A.D- 300 B.C
    -The time when alchemists attempted to change matals to gold. The substance used for this conversion was called the Philosophers Stone.
  • Mar 12, 600

    Bronze Age

    -The Bronze Age was a period in history where the primary material for creating weapons and tools was bronze.
  • Jan 1, 1520

    Elixir of Life

    -Alchemists not only wanted to convert metals to gold, but they also wanted to find a chemical that would enable people to live longer.
    -The Elixir of Life is equaled to the Philosopher's Stone.
    -It was said to be able to create life.

  • Robert Boyle

    -1627-1691
    -He came up with the first modern defenition for an element which was, "a pure substance that cannot be chemically broken down into a simpler substance by normal means".
    - He proposed the "Boyle's Law" in 1662, describing the relationship between pressure and volume of gas.

  • Phlogiston Theory

    -The Phlogiston Theory was stated by Johann J. Beecher in 1667.
    - He believed in a substance called phlogiston which released when something was burned (during cumbustion). This is known was oxidation today.

  • Charles Coulomb

    • he discovered that given two particles separated by a certain distance, the force of attraction is directly proportional to the product of the two charges. He also discovered that it was inversely proportional to the distance between the two charges.

  • Henry Cavendish

    -1731-1810
    -He combined hydrogen and oxygen to produce water
    -He also isolated the gas hydrogen.

  • Joseph Priestly

    -1733-1894
    -He islolated mercury and oxygen from mercury (II) oxide

  • Antoine Lavoisier

    -1743-1794
    -Concluded that air was made of a mixture of two gases (one flammable one not).
    -Proved that elements are the final form reached by the chemical breaking down of matter.

  • Jacques Charles

    -Jacques Charles proposed a law called the "Charles Law" in 1787. Like Boyle's law, it describes the relationship between temperature and volume of a gas.

  • Pitchblend

    -An amorphous black, pitchy form of the crystalline uraniom oxide mineral uraninite.
    -Three chemical elements were first discovered in pitchblende. The elements are uranimum, polonium, and radium. These were found in 1789

  • Alessandro Volta

    -Devised the first chemical battery in 1800.Through this he found the discipline of electrochemistry.It was creditedas the first electrochemical cell consisting of two electrodes: one made of zinc,the other of copper.

  • John Dalton

    -1766-1844
    -he proposed "Dalton's Law" in 1803. It stated that the total pressure exerted by the mixtures of non- reactive gases are equal to the sum of partial pressures of individual gases.

  • Jns Jakob Berzelius

    -He proposes modern chemical symbols, notation, and the concept of relative atomic weight. He did this in 1808

  • Amedeo Avogadro

    -1776-1856
    -In 1811 Avogadro proposed that equal volumes of gas at the same temperature as well as pressure, contain the same number of molecules.

  • Micheal Faraday

    -Famous for insolating benzene, the first known acromatic hydrocarbon.

  • Heinrich Geissler

    -Heinrich Geissler creates the first vacuum tube in 1854

  • Lother Meyer

    -He developed an early version of the periodic table which consisted of 28elements organized by the amount of valence electrons they contained.

  • Svante Arrhenius

    • He developed the ion theory in 1883. This theory explains donductivity in electrolyles.

  • Niels Bohr

    -1885-1962
    - In 1913 Niels Bohr changed Rutherford's model into a model where he proposed that an electron is found only found orbitting around the nucleus.

  • Alfred Werner

    -he discovers the structure of colbat complexes in 1893. This establishes the field of coordination chemistry.

  • William Ramsay

    -William Ramsay discovers the noble gases in 1894. This fills a large, unexpected gap in the periodic table leding to chemical bonding models.

  • JJ Thomson

    -1856-19940
    -He discoverd the electron using a Cathode Ray Tube in 1897. This discovery helped further develop the knowledge of the atomic structure.
    - He also discovered isotopes and invented/ discovered the mass spectrometer

  • S.P.L Sorensen

    -he invents the pH concept in 1909. Through this he also develops different methods for measuring acidity (pH).

  • Robert Millikan

    -he discovered the mass of an electron in 1909.
    -Because of this discovery, in 1932 Millikan recived the Nobel Prize in Physics.

  • Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg

    -They propose a law called "Bragg's law" in 1912. They establish from this, the field of X-Ray crystallography.

  • Ernest Rutherford

    -1871-1937
    - He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908 for his radioactivity work.
    -He also discovered the proton in 1917

  • James Chadwick

    -1891-1974
    - In 1932, he discovered the nuetron (the fourth subtomic particle).
    -His expierements and discoveries later contributed to the invention of the nuclear fission bomb.

  • Otto Hahn

    -he discovers the proccess of a nuclear fission bomb in uranium and thorium, in 1938

  • Richard E. Smalley

    -Buckyballs were identified in 1985 by Richard E. Samelly. He later received a Nobel prize for the discovery.