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2000 BCE
2000 BC - 1000 BC Settlement of Germanic Tribes
The ancient culture of germanic tribes settled in many european countries.
A differentiation took place between Northern Germanic Tribes (Scandinavia), Eastern Germanic Tribes and Western Germanic Tribes (Germany, the Netherlands and England) -
1800 BCE
1800 BC-200 AC Formative Period
Different regional civilizations: Mayans, Olmecs, Toltecs, Totonacs, Teotihuacans. Mathematics, architecture and agriculture. -
911
Formation of powerful Duchies
After the death of Ludwig III., the power within the HolyRoman Empire (=Heiliges Roemisches Reich (deutscher Nation)) was transfered to the several german dukes.
At that time, Germany consisted of many different territories (Bayern, Schwaben, Sachsen,..) which until now have individual political power (even though they are subsidiary to the German Republic). -
1200
1200-1521 Aztecs
The Aztecs were in power. -
1323
Treaty of Nöteborg
Sweden from the west and the Novgorod Republic (located where Russia is now) from the east were both trying to invade Finland. Swedes were trying to convert Finns to catholicism and Novgorodians to Orthodoxism. In the Treaty of Nöteborg the two countries made peace divided Finland between them, Sweden getting the most land and power over Finland. -
1492
Columbus Reached New World
Start of European influence. -
1517
Separation of the church
Because the Roman-Catholic Church was selling indulgences , Martin Luther created his "95 Theses" which lead to the reformation of the church.
Until today the christian religion is separated in Catholic, Lutheran and Protestant. -
1521
Start of Spanish Colonialism
Cultural mixture, submission, internal wars and fights, strong religious foundations. -
1618 - 1648 Thirty Years´ War
The reformation of christian church led to a religious war between the catholic Habsburgs and the protestant French and Swedish.
Beginning as a religious war it turned into a struggle of power between the european monarchies.
Whilst there were fighting for religious freedom, parts of Germany were destroyed and became poor and France turned into the most powerful country in Europe. -
1815 - 1866
The "Deutscher Bund" was born and the Lower House of Parliament (Bundestag) established in Frankfurt.
Although Germany had his own Parliament it was dominated by Austria and Prussia and did not have any power.
In 1866 Prussia fought against Austria and finally gained all the power over Germany.
The Colours of the German Flag were first used in the liberation movement of the "Hambacher Fest" in 1832. -
Independence
The end of colonialization. Spain recognizes indepence with the Treaty of Cordoba.
From the last period of time Mexico got the design of his flag and also the national holiday: 16th of september. -
1861-1867 Maximilian I as Emperor of Mexico
During the 2nd French intervention Maximilian from Austria became the emperor of Mexico, before he was executed. After this period, Mexico was even closer to the US especially in trading. Furthermore did the church loose a lot of power.
They lost influence in education and politics and got expropriated. -
1870 - 1871 German-French War
In this period all the german states were united to one German Empire under the Emperor Wilhelm I. of Prussia and prospered for many years.
Elsass-Lothringen became part of Germany. -
Finnish Parliament
Attempting to gain trust and reduce the constantly increasing unhappiness among Finnish people, Russians established the Finnish parliament and gave a right to vote to every Finnish citizen, including women. -
1910-1920 Revolution
Political unrest and fight for presidency against dictator Porfirio Diaz.
In this time many Mexicans fled to the US because it was a period of change of the social and economic system. -
1914-1918 World War I
In World War I Germany lost its colonies and from that moment had to pay reparations.
This led to many conflicts in the future (World War II). -
Independence
The reign of the Tsar in Russia was over, and Finnish parliament declared Finland as an independent country 6.12.1917. -
1917-1918 Civil War
The disagreements between the right and left wing grew and resulted in the left wing staging a coup, which lead to civil war. German troops intervened to crush the rebellion. By the start of 1918, the right wing won -
1808-1809 Finland to Russia
Sweden´s power kept weakening, and Russia kept putting pressure on it. Finally, in a war between Sweden and Russia in 1808-1809, Russia conquered Finland. Finland was given autonomy under the Russian power. -
Finland Became a Republic
A German prince was made the king of Finland. However, his reign only lasted for about a month, after which in 1919 Finland became a republic. -
1933 - 1945 Nazi Regime and World War II
Hitler became Imperial Chancellor of Germany. Under the power of his political party (NSDAP) many changes were realized.
- the constitution got repealed
- concentration camps for political enemies got built
- persecuition of Jews and other minorities Germany lost the following War (1939 - 1945) and was divided into four zones of military occupation. -
1939-1940 The Winter War
The Soviet Union attacked Finland after it refused to let it build military bases on its territory. It ended in a peace treaty where Finland agreed to give its southeastern parts to the Soviet Union. -
1941-1944 The Continuation War
Finland joined Germany in attacking Russia to win the land back. Military cooperation with Nazi Germany radically decreased support from other European countries. In the end, Finland had to surrender and gave some more land to Russia as well as paid reparations. Because of the wars Finland has had with Russia, there is still tension nowadays between the countries. -
1944-1945 The Lapland War
Finland fought against the German troops in its northern parts to force them leave the country back into Norway. -
DDR - BRD
Germany separted in two parts.
The German Democratic Republic (DDR) was formed out of the Russian Zone and the Federal Republic of Germany (BRD) out of the Zones of Britain, France and the US.
Although Germany nowadays is united, that separation has big influences in infrastructure, demographics and partly the culture and habits of the german population. -
Fall of Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall got opened and in the following days, thousands of Germans crossed the border from DDR to BRD.
On the 3rd of October in the following year, Germany finally got reunited which marks the National Holiday.
Berlin was appointed the capital of Germany. -
NAFTA
Signing a free trade agreement between Mexico, the US and Canada.
