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Robert Johnson
Robert Johnson is considered to be one of the greatest blues performers of all time. Although Johnson had little commercial success or public recognition in his lifetime his recordings displayed a combination of singing, guitar skills, and songwriting talent that has influenced later generations of musicians. Furthermore, Johnson's shadowy and poorly documented life and death at age 27 have given rise to much legend too. He is credited by many rock musicians as an important influence too. -
Period: to
The Cold War
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Smith Act
The Smith Act, formally Alien Registration Act, federal law that was passed in 1940 and made it a criminal offense to advocate the violent overthrow of the government or to organize or be a member of any group or society devoted to such advocacy. Basically made it illegal for anyone in the United States to advocate overthrowing the government. It also required all non-citizen adult residents to register. The act aimed to identify members of the Communist Party of the United States of America. -
G.I. Bill
The G.I. Bill was signed into law by President Franklin D. This provided veterans of the WWII funds for veterans in education, unemployment insurance, and housing. It also established hospitals, made low-interest mortgages available and expenses for veterans attending college or schools. This shifted the way in which veterans from Europe and the Pacific returned home. During the war, politicians wanted to avoid the postwar confusion about veterans' benefits that became a political problem. -
Joseph Mccarthy
Senator Joseph P. McCarthy was a Republican. One of the main people against communism was Senator Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy was determined to out communists. However, he used intimidation and gossip to get information. He often had little evidence when he accused people of working for the Soviet Union. He ruined many people's careers and lives before other leaders in the Congress put an end to his ways. Furthermore, much information was given to McCarthy and other anti-communist leaders too. -
Period: to
Civil Rights
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Period: to
1950s
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The Iron Curtain
The iron curtain was a term used to describe the border between the communist and democratic countries of Europe. The idea of the iron curtain was that it kept information and people from crossing from the communist east to the democratic west.The boundary existed from 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. In addition, the goodwill and relationships quickly deteriorated between the once Allied nations and Soviet-American wartime cooperation degenerated into what would become the Cold War -
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan was a program by which the United States gave large amounts of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after the devastation of World War ll .In order to help Europe recover from the war, the United States came up with the Marshall Plan. It is named after Secretary of State George Marshall. The Marshall Plan offered help and finances to European countries in order to recover from World War II.Overall though, the effect of the Marshall Plan was positive. -
Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Airlift, also known as the first battle of the Cold War, consisted of the western countries that delivered much needed food and supplies to the city of Berlin through the air because all other routes were blocked by the Soviet Union. Furthermore, Without going to war or giving up the city of Berlin, the only option the western countries had was to try and fly in all the supplies which was a big task.They carried over 2.3 million tons of supplies into the city. -
Little Richard
Little Richard is an American musician, songwriter, singer, and actor. His music also played a role in the formation of other popular music genres, including soul and funk. Little Richard influenced numerous singers and musicians across musical genres from rock to hip hop; his music helped shape rhythm and blues for generations to come, and his performances and headline-making his career head right into the mix of American popular music. Little Richard has been honored by many institutions too. -
Beat Generation
Beat poetry evolved during the 1940s in both New York City and on the west coast, although.Starting in the 1950s, the Beat Generation inspired a culture of nonconformity and social revolution.The Beat Generation was a literary movement started by a group of authors who influenced American culture and politics in the post-World War II era. In addition, their work was published and popularized throughout the 1950s. Beat poetry evolved during the 1940s in both New York City and on the west coast. -
Bill Haley and the Comets
Bill Haley & His Comets were an American rock and roll band, founded in 1952 and continued until Haley's death. From late 1954 to late 1956, the group placed nine singles in the Top 20, one of those a number one and three more in the Top Ten. Although several members of the Comets became famous, Bill Haley remained the main one. Many fans consider them to be as revolutionary in their time as the Beatles were a decade later. The end of 2014, four such groups were still performing internationally. -
Fair Deal 3/27
The Fair Deal was a set of proposals put forward by President Harry S. Truman to Congress. When Truman finally left office in 1953, his Fair Deal was success but mixed. In 1948, he banned racial discrimination in federal government hiring practices and ordered an end to segregation in the military. Furthermore, the minimum wage had risen, and social security programs had expanded. More generally the term characterizes the entire domestic agenda of the Truman administration, from 1945 to 1953. -
Polio Vaccine
The first polio vaccine was the inactivated polio vaccine. It was developed by Jonas Salk and came into use in 1955. Between 1963 and 1999, Sabin live vaccine largely replaced Salk killed vaccine everywhere in the world. Because the live virus in the vaccine occasionally became strong enough to cause actual disease. Eventually, it was successfully used to eradicate smallpox from the human population. Furthermore, routine vaccination of the American public against smallpox stopped in 1972. -
Dr. Jonas Salk
Jonas Edward Salk was an American medical researcher and virologist. He discovered and developed one of the first successful polio vaccines.Polio Vaccine. In 1947, Salk took a position at University of Pittsburgh, where he began conducting research on polio. By 1951, Salk found out there were three distinct types of polio viruses and was able to develop a "killed virus" vaccine for the disease. In 1953, Salk announces on a national t.v show that he has successfully tested a vaccine against polio -
The Domino Theory
The domino theory was a theory prominent from the 1950s to the 1980s that posited that if one country in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect. President Dwight D. Eisenhower coins one of the most famous Cold War phrases when he suggests the fall of French Indochina to the communists could create a “domino” effect in Southeast Asia. The so-called “domino theory” dominated U.S. thinking about Vietnam for the next decade -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared laws establishing separate schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. The decision effectively overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision, which allowed segregation. Racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th amendment of the Constitution. This ruling paved the way for integration and was a major victory of the Civil Rights Movement. -
Elvis
Elvis Presley was an American singer, musician, and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll". By 1956, he was an international sensation. Furthermore, Elvis Presley entered the United States Army at Memphis, Tennessee, in 1958. He left active duty and received his discharge from the Army Reserve in 1964. Before entering the U.S. Army, he had caused outrage with his performances and rock and roll music. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
The Civil Rights Act of 1957 was enacted September 9, 1957, a federal voting rights bill, was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress since the Civil Rights Act of 1875The result was the Civil Rights Act of 1957the first civil rights legislation since Reconstruction. Furthermore,the new act established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote -
Chicano Mural Movement
The Chicano mural movement began in the 1960s in Mexican-American barrios throughout the Southwest. Artists began using the walls of city buildings, housing projects, schools, and churches to depict Mexican-American culture. The Chicano Movement emerged during the civil rights era with three goals: restoral of land, rights for farm workers and education reforms but Latinos lacked influence in the national political arena. In addition, much of the art were heavily influenced by Chicano Movement. -
Albert Sabin
Albert Bruce Sabin was a Polish American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease. Sabin also isolated the B virus, conducted research that led to the development of vaccines, studied how immunity to viruses is developed, investigated viruses that affect the nervous system, and studied the role of viruses in cancer. Albert Sabin also developed the oral polio vaccine and came into commercial use in 1961. -
Feminism
Feminism first began in the early 1960s. It quickly spread across the Western world with an aim to increase equality for women by gaining more than just voting rights. Issues addressed by the second-wave included rights regarding domestic The 1960s were an age of fashion innovation for women. The early 1960s gave birth to drainpipe jeans and capri pants. Casual dress became more unisex and often consisted of plaid button down shirts worn with slim blue jeans, comfortable slacks, or skirts. -
Black Power Movement
The Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s was a political and social movement whose advocates believed in racial pride, self-sufficiency, and equality for all people of Black and African descent. Black Power was a logical progression of civil rights–era efforts to achieve racial equality. In addition, it also was a reaction against the tactics, pace, and certain of the operative assumptions of the earlier movement. Furthermore, the Black Arts Movement was formally established in 1965. -
Period: to
1960s
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OPEC (Organizing of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a group consisting of twelve of the world's major oil-exporting nations. OPEC was founded in 1960 to coordinate the petroleum policies of its members, and to provide member states with technical and economic aid. The Organization of Petroleum-Exporting Countries (OPEC) has significant influence on the price of oil. Furthermore, OPEC signed off an agreement by five countries. They were to become the Founder Members of the Organization. -
Peace Corps
In 1960, John F. Kennedy proposed to help the developing countries, by promoting peace. He encouraged them to go to needy countries and give them aid, financially, educationally, physically.The Peace Corps is a volunteer program run by the United States government. Furthermore, the stated mission of the Peace Corps includes providing technical assistance, helping people outside the United States to understand American culture, and helping Americans to understand the cultures of other countries. -
John Glenn
Famed American astronaut and politician John Glenn Jr., made history in 1962. Colonel John Herschel Glenn Jr. was a United States Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, and United States Senator from Ohio. In 1962, he became the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times. In 4 hours and 56 minutes, John Glenn circled the globe three times. Furthermore, the successful mission concluded with a splashdown and recovery in the Atlantic Ocean, 800 miles southeast of Bermuda. -
Birmingham March
The Birmingham March was a series of protests against racial segregation in Birmingham. Several African-American leaders decided to organize a mass protest like Martin Luther King, Jr. Furthermore, the protesters became violent and rioted throughout the city in response to the bombings. In addition, soldiers from the U.S. army were sent in to regain control too. Although there were still many issues with racism, the Birmingham campaign did break down some barriers with segregation in the city. -
Lee Harvey Oswald
Lee Harvey Oswald was an American ex Marine and Marxist who assassinated United States President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. According to four federal government investigations and one municipal investigation, Oswald shot and killed Kennedy from a sniper's nest on the sixth floor of a school book depository as the President traveled by motorcade through Dealey Plaza in the city of Dallas, Texas. Oswald fatally shot Kennedy, he shot and killed Dallas police officer J.D. Tippit too. -
Assassination of JFK
John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas while riding. Kennedy was riding with his wife Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally and was shot by former U.S. Marine Lee Harvey Oswald. Kennedy's death marked the fourth (following those of Lincoln, Garfield, and McKinley) and most recent assassination of an American President. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson automatically became President upon Kennedy's death. -
Warren Commission
The Warren Court was the period in the history of the Supreme Court of the United States during which Earl Warren served as Chief Justice. A week after President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, his successor established a commission to investigate Kennedy’s death. Furthermore, the report proved controversial and failed to silence conspiracy theories surrounding the event. Subsequent investigations have both supported and called into question the Warren Commission’s report. -
Barry Goldwater
Barry Goldwater was a politician, businessman, and author who was a five-term United States Senator from Arizona and the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 1964 election. Despite losing the election by a landslide, Goldwater is the politician most often credited for sparking the resurgence of the American conservative political movement in the 1960s. He was a vocal opponent of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, believing it was an overreach of federal government. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was one of the most important civil rights laws in the history of the United States. It outlawed discrimination, ended racial segregation, and protected the voting rights of minorities and women. President Kennedy began to work with Congress to create a new civil rights bill. However, Kennedy was assassinated and President Lyndon Johnson took over.Johnson also wanted a new civil rights bill to be passed. After all, President Johnson signed the bill into law -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
The incident in the Gulf of Tonkin led to America's open entry into the Vietnam War. The Gulf of Tonkin is off the coast of what was North Vietnam.Two US destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed that they had been fired upon by North Vietnamese forces. In response to these reported incidents, President Lyndon Johnson requested permission from the US Congress to increase the US military presence in Indochina.The US Congress overwhelming approves the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. -
Daisy Girl Ad
"Daisy", sometimes known as "Daisy Girl" or "Peace, Little Girl", was a controversial political advertisement aired on television during the 1964 United States presidential election by incumbent president Lyndon B. Johnson's campaign. Though only aired once, it is considered to be an important factor in Johnson's landslide victory over Barry Goldwater and an important turning point in political and advertising history. It remains one of the most controversial political advertisements ever made -
Anti-War Movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.In addition,an anti-war movement is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause. Furthermore,the term can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the US that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. Congress later amended the Act 5 times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the 14th and 15th Amendments to the US Constitution, the Act secured voting rights for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. The Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever. -
Black Panther Party
In October of 1966, in Oakland California, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale founded the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense.The Panthers practiced militant self-defense of minority communities against the U.S. government, and fought to establish revolutionary socialism through mass organizing and community based programs.The party's original purpose was to patrol African American neighborhoods to protect residents from acts of police brutality. The party was active in the US from 1966 until 1982. -
Jack Ruby
Jack Leon Ruby was the Dallas, Texas nightclub owner who fatally shot Lee Harvey Oswald while Oswald was in police custody after being charged with assassinating U.S. President John F. Kennedy and the murder of Dallas policeman. A Dallas jury found him guilty of murdering Oswald, and he was sentenced to death. Ruby's conviction was later appealed, and he was granted a new trial. However as the date for his new trial was being set. Ruby became ill in his prison cell and died from lung cancer. -
Native-American Civil Rights Movement
The Native American tribes of the United States have been fighting for their rights since the arrival of the Europeans.This law guaranteed important civil rights for Native Americans.This law guarantees many of the same rights that are in the Bill of Rights such as free speech, a speedy and fair trial, the right to due process, a trial by jury, the right to an attorney, freedom of the press, and more.This was an important law and a big step forward in the fight for Native American civil rights. -
Earl Warren Supreme Court
Earl Warren was an American jurist and politician who served as the 30th Governor of California. Important decisions were made during the Warren Court years and included decisions holding segregation policies in public schools. Furthermore, the Supreme Court during chief justice Earl Warren's 16 year tenure made decisions that impacted and continue to impact the lives of Americans to date. Lastly, the Warren court was not only devoted to protecting the rights of citizens but also expanding them. -
Stonewall Riot
The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) community against a police raid since very few establishments welcomed openly gay people in the 1950s and 1960s. The last years of the 1960s were very contentious, as many social and political movements were active, including the civil rights movement. After the Stonewall riots, gays and lesbians in faced gender, race, class, and generational obstacles to becoming a cohesive community. -
Ike Turner
Ike Turner was an American musician bandleader, songwriter, arranger and record producer. He is most known for his work in the 1960's and 1970's with his then-wife Tina Turner. He met singer Anna Mae Bullock, who he renamed Tina Turner, forming the Ike and Tina Turner Revue, which over the course of the sixties became a success.Throughout is career Turner won two Grammy Awards and was nominated for three others. He also recorded many labels including Chess, Modern, Trumpet, Flair, and Sue. -
Period: to
1970s
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an agency of the federal government of the United States which was created for the purpose of protecting human health and the environment by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in December 1970 under United States President Richard Nixon. The agency also works with industries and in a wide variety of voluntary pollution prevention programs. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex; it seeks to end the legal distinctions between men and women in terms of divorce, property, employment, and other matters. In addition, the ERA was originally written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman. Furthermore, the amendment has prompted conversations about the meaning of legal equality for women and men ever since. -
Title IX
In 1972, the President signed Title IX of the Education Amendments into law. Furthermore, title IX is a comprehensive law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity. In addition, in 1972, a law was enacted to help prevent gender discrimination in the United States educational athletic system. Conclusively, title IX, was a federal civil rights law in the United States of America, was passed as part of the Education Amendments of 1972. -
Roe v. Wade
Roe v. Wade is the Supreme Court case that held that the Constitution protected a woman's right to an abortion prior to the viability of the fetus. The Roe v. Wade was the landmark Supreme Court decision in regard to legalized abortion. Furthermore, the case had been filed by “Jane Roe,” an unmarried woman who wanted to safely and legally end her pregnancy. In addition, the case also involved a Texas statute that prohibited abortion except when necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman. -
War Powers Resolution
The War Powers Resolution is a federal law intended to check the president's power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress. The law was meant to prevent presidents from sustaining wars without approval. The War Powers Act has never been successfully employed to end any military mission. Congress passed the War Powers Resolution in the aftermath of the Vietnam War to these concerns and provide a set of procedures for the President and Congress. -
Endangered Species Act
Congress passed the Endangered Species Preservation Act in 1966, providing a means for listing native animal species as endangered and giving them limited protection. One amendment to the Act changed its title to the Endangered Species Conservation Act. The Endangered Species Act is to prevent extinction. Unfortunately, species are slipping through cracks in the ESA. In addition, citizens across the country remain vigilant in protecting the biodiversity and wildlife within their own communities. -
Federal Election Commission (FEC)
The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is a agency that's purpose is to enforce campaign finance law in United States federal elections.It was created in 1974 through amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act. Furthermore, the Commission is made up of members, that are appointed by the President of the United States. In addition, by law, no more than three Commissioners can be members of the same political party, and at least four votes are required for any official Commission action. -
Jimmy Carter
Jimmy Carter was the 39th President of the United States. He is known for being president during a time of high inflation and rising energy costs. Carter's presidency was also marked by economic problems. Inflation and unemployment rose dramatically with many people losing their jobs. Carter was able to get some things accomplished, including establishing the Department of Energy, pardoning citizens who had avoided fighting in the Vietnam War, and fighting for human rights throughout the world. -
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal is a waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. Furthermore, the canal allows shippers of commercial goods to save time and money, which, generally speaking, means lower consumer prices for you and me.The canal cuts also across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade too. The treaties guaranteed that Panama would gain control of the Panama Canal after 1999, ending the control of the canal that the U.S. had exercised since 1903. -
Gerald Ford's Presidency
Gerald Ford was the 38th President of the United States and served as President in 1974 through 1977.Ford considered it his job to restore the country's faith and continued with Nixon's effort on foreign relations. He brokered a temporary truce in the Middle East. He also established new treaties with the Soviet Union further reducing nuclear arms.The economy struggled,however, during Ford's time as president, the country entered a recession with high inflation and many people losing their jobs -
Camp David Accords
Camp David is a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt issuing from talks at Camp David between Egyptian President Sadat, Israeli Prime Minister Begin, and the host, U.S. President Carter: signed in 1979. Furthermore, examples from the Web for Camp David Accords. The country retreat for the President of the United States. Furthermore, the retreat is surrounded by maximum-security fencing and is closed to the public. In addition, it was established as by Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt too. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
Americans diplomats and citizens were held hostage for days, after a group of Iranian students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran.The hostage crisis had far-reaching effects. It stirred sentiment in Iran that allowed the Islamic government to consolidate its power, and drove the United States into the arms of Saddam Hussein, who we supported in the Iran-Iraq war because we were so angry at Iran. -
Period: to
1980s
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Election of 1980
The election of 1980 featured a contest between Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan, as well as John B. Anderson, who ran as an independent. Reagan, aided by the Iran hostage crisis and a worsening economy at home, won the election in a landslide. Furthermore, Carter, after defeating Ted Kennedy for the Democratic nomination, attacked Reagan as a dangerous right-wing radical. In addition, for his part, Reagan, the former Governor of California, repeatedly ridiculed Carter, and won a victory. -
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Reagan was the 40th President of the United States.He is most known for being president during the end of the Cold War with the Soviet Union.In the years prior to his presidency the United States had experienced high inflation, unemployment, and rapidly rising gas prices.Several American citizens were being held hostage in Iran and they had been there for over a year. Reagan wanted people to feel confident in their own abilities and to not rely on the government to take care of everything -
Sandra Day O'Connor
Sandra Day O'Connor was the first woman to sit on the United States Supreme Court. She was appointed by President Ronald Reagan and unanimously confirmed by the Senate. Furthermore, Sandra Day O'Connor was elected to two terms in the Arizona state senate. In 1981, Ronald Reagan nominated her to the U.S. Supreme Court. She received unanimous Senate approval, and made history as the first woman justice to serve on the nation's highest court.In addition,the was known for her dispassionate opinions. -
Space Shuttle Program
The Space Shuttle program was the fourth spaceflight program carried out by NASA. The Space Shuttle was the world's first reusable manned spacecraft. Furthermore, astronauts and scientists aboard the Space Shuttle would perform experiments, launch satellites, and work on the International Space Station. Furthermore, the Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart during take-off. All of the seven crew members died in the accident. In addition. the disaster was investigated by President Ronald Reagan. -
Reagan Presidency
Ronald Reagan served as president in 1981-1989 and was the 40th president of the United States. Ronald Reagan's goal as president was to "go down in history as the President who made Americans believe in themselves again". In the years prior to his presidency the United States had experienced high inflation, unemployment, and rapidly rising gas prices. In addition, Reagan wanted people to feel confident in their own abilities and to not rely on the government to take care of everything. -
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) "Star Wars"
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), also known as Star Wars, was a program initiated under President Ronald Reagan. The intent of this program was to develop a sophisticated missile system in order to prevent missile attacks from other countries, specifically the Soviet Union. The Strategic Defense Initiative was the United States’ response to possible nuclear attacks from afar. Although the program seemed to have no negative consequences, there were concerns brought up about the program too -
Reagan Doctrine
President Reagan pledged his support for anti-Communist revolutions in what would become known as the "Reagan Doctrine." The Reagan Doctrine was a strategy implemented by the United States under the Reagan Administration to overwhelm the global influence of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Cold War. The Reagan Doctrine followed in the tradition of U.S. presidents and were designed for the challenges facing international relations of the times and foreign policy solutions to them. -
Iran Contra Affair
The Iran Contra affair was a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan Administration.The scandal involved a two-part plan by the Reagan administration. The first part of the plan involved the secret sale of weapons to the Islamic Republic of Iran, supposedly to encourage the release of U.S. hostages. Furthermore, the second part of the plan was made to divert proceeds from the Iran arms sales to support the Contra rebel groups in Nicaragua. -
George H.W. Bush
George Bush was the 41st President of the United States. Bush is most known for being president during the Persian Gulf War.Furthermore, When George Bush took the office of president,the world was undergoing a big change.Most importantly,George Bush is most famous for being president during the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and ordering the invasion of Afghanistan as retaliation.Furthermore,the new nations were forming out of the Soviet Union and the US began to slowly establish relations with them. -
Period: to
1990s
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Fall of the Berlin Wall
The Berlin wall symbolized the lack of freedom under communism. It symbolized the Cold War and divide between the communist Soviet bloc and the western democratic. The Berlin wall divided families who found themselves unable to visit each other. Many East Berliners were cut off from their jobs. West Berliners demonstrated against the wall and their mayor led the criticism against the United States who they felt had failed to respond. In many ways it was the perfect symbol of the "Iron Curtain". -
Balkans Crisis
The Balkan Wars consisted of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan Peninsula. Four Balkan states defeated the Ottoman Empire in the first war; one of the four, Bulgaria, suffered defeat in the second war. In additionthe Ottoman Empire lost the bulk of its territory in Europe. Furthermore, Austria-Hungary, although not a combatant, became relatively weaker as a much enlarged Serbia pushed for union of the South Slavic peoples. Lastly, the war set the stage for the Balkan crisis of 1914 too. -
Ross Perot
Ross Perot is an American business man and former politician. In 1962, he founded Electronic Data Systems, a data processing service company which made him a billionaire. He also became a salesman for IBM after serving in the United States Navy too. He ran an independent presidential campaign and a third party campaign, establishing the Reform Party in the latter election. Both campaigns were among the strongest presidential showings by a third party or independent candidate in U.S. history. -
Election of 1992
The United States presidential election of 1992 had three major candidates: George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Ross Perot. As a result, Bill Clinton defeated George Bush. Bush had alienated many of the conservatives in his party by breaking his campaign pledge against raising taxes.On the other hand, Ross Perot launched an independent campaign, emphasizing his opposition to the North American Free Trade Agreement and his plan to reduce the national debt.It was held on Tuesday, November 3, 1992 -
Bill Clinton
Bill Clinton was the 42nd President of the United States. Bill Clinton is known for being president during one of the longest periods of peace and economic expansion in American history. When Clinton ran for president, many thought that he had no chance to beat current president Bush. Early on in his presidency the Democratic majority in congress was defeated and the Republicans won control of both houses. Clinton worked together with his rival Republicans and soon the economy was doing well. -
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
President Bill Clinton created the world's largest free trade zone by signing the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It eliminated nearly every barrier to trade and investment on products and services passing between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The purpose of the NAFTA agreement was designed to increase trade among United States, Canada, and Mexico by reducing or eliminating restrictions on commerce. The NAFTA agreement also eased restrictions on immigration and travel. -
Don't Ask, Don't Tell Policy
Don't ask, don't tell policy was the official United States policy on military service by gays, bisexuals, and lesbians, instituted by the Clinton Administration. The Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010 is a landmark United States federal that established a process for ending the Don't ask, don't tell policy, therefore allowing gays, lesbians, and bisexuals to serve openly in the US Armed. Clinton said he regretted the policy so congress passed and Barack Obama signed a measure repealing. -
Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)
The Defense of Marriage Act is a federal law that denies federal recognition of same-sex marriages and authorizes states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages licensed in other states.In addition, in 2012, the Supreme Court agreed to hear the case.Many arguments were heard and the Court ruled DOMA to be unconstitutional, declaring it.Because the rest of the law is still in effect, states that have bannedsame-sex marriage are not required to recognize legal marriages performed in otherstates. -
Oprah Winfrey
Oprah Winfrey is best known for her talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show. Besides her national talk show and acting, Oprah is famous for other activities. She co-founded the cable TV media company Oxygen Media and started a magazine called O: The Oprah Magazine. She even founded her own TV network called the Oprah Winfrey Network. Oprah also started a charity called the Angel Network. Even though Oprah's talk show was a huge success, she had always wanted to work as an actress in the movies. -
Period: to
Contemporary
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Election of 2000
The United States presidential election of 2000 was a contest between George W. Bush an Al Gore.Furthermore, George W. Bush lost the popular vote to former Vice President Al Gore in 2000 but won the electoral vote for US president. Furthermore,Bush won the presidency after a mandatory recount in Florida,and an additional hand recount ordered by the Florida Supreme Court was ruled unconstitutional.Finally, the outcome of the election was ultimately decided by the US Supreme Court in Bush v. Gore. -
Hilary Clinton
Hilary Clinton is best known for the presidential candidate and wife of President Bill Clinton. Hillary Clinton is one of the most prominent American politicians of the 2000's. In addition, in 2000, she became the only former First Lady to hold an elected office when she was elected Senator of New York. In 2009, she was appointed the U.S. Secretary of State by Barack Obama. In addition, she also ran for President of the United States in the 2016 presidential election against Donald Trump too. -
9/11 Attacks
On September 11, 2001 the United States was attacked by an Islamic terrorist group. They hijacked four passenger planes and used them as weapons to crash into buildings.There were 19 terrorists involved in the hijackings.Two of the planes crashed into the Twin Towers in New York City.The airplane fuel on board the passenger planes caused an intense fire and extreme heat in the Twin Towers. Eventually,both buildings gave way and the towers collapsed.The death toll from the attacks was devastating -
No Child Left Behind Education Act
The No Child Left Behind Act is a federal law that provides money for extra educational assistance for poor children in return for improvements in their academic progress.The purpose of it is to ensure that students in every public school achieve learning goals.The No Child Left Behind law took effect in 2002 and has had a sweeping impact on U.S. public school classrooms.It affects what students are taught,the tests they take,the training of their teachers and the way money is spent on education -
Hurricane Katrina Disaster
Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical storm. Katrina was also one of the costliest natural disasters and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States. In From Morgan City, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Hurricane Katrina's wind, rain, and storm surge demolished homes and businesses. Furthermore, the storm caused catastrophic damage along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge and levee failure. -
Election of 2008
The United States presidential election of 2000 was held between Barack Obama and Joe Biden. Barack Obama was the 44th president of the United States. Furthermore, the election of 2008 is very important since Barack Obama's victory and the election made history as he was the first African-American ever to be elected president of the United States and Joe Biden became the first Catholic to ever be elected as vice president. Barack Obama got more electoral and votes from citizens than Joe Biden. -
Housing Bubble
A housing bubble is a run-up in housing prices fueled by demand and speculation. Speculators enter the market, further driving demand. At some point, demand decreases or stagnates at the same time supply increases, resulting in a sharp drop in prices. In addition, housing bubbles usually start with an increase in demand, in the face of limited supply, which takes a relatively extended period to replenish and increase. Furthermore, speculators enter the market, further driving up demand. -
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act is an economic bill created to help the United States economy recover from an economic downturn that began in late 2007. According to ARRA's statement of purpose, it was developed to to preserve and create jobs and promote economic recovery. Furthermore, congress approved billions American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in 2009. As a result, the economic package ended the Great Recession by spurring consumer spending. It's goal was to save millions jobs. -
Barack Obama
Barack Obama was the 44th President of the United States and served as President: 2009-2017. Barack grew up in the state of Hawaii and is most famous for being the first African American President of the United States. After three years of serving on the U.S Senate, Obama entered the 2008 presidential election and became president. Obama pushed for health care reform and signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act which intended to help poor people to be able to afford health insurance -
Affordable Care Act (ACA) "Obamacare"
The purpose of the Affordable Care Act is to make health insurance more affordable for those with little or no coverage. Congress intended it for it to become effective in 2014. One way the Affordable Care Act aims to cover more Americans is by offering health insurance at prices discounted through tax credits. Obamacare works by mandating that everyone get health insurance or pay a tax. Some examples include emergency Care, hospitalization, prescription drugs, Ambulatory Patient Services, etc.
