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Shay's Rebellion
a rebellion by debtor farmers in western Massachusetts, led by Revolutionary War Captain Daniel Shays, against Boston creditors. it began in 1786 and lasted half a year, threatening the economic interests of the business elite and contributing to the demise of the Articles of Confederation. -
Constitutional Convention
The states of New England (other than Rhode Island) sent a total of 55 delegates to meet in order to revise the Articles of confederation, however they ended up basically scrapping the Articles and crafted a new document; the Constitution. The issues touched on ranged from the new government structure all the way to a Bill of Rights. The New Jersey and Virginia plan were presented during the Convention, but the plans were combined to create the Great Compromise. The ⅗ Compromise was when they de -
Constitutional Convention cont.
The ⅗ Compromise was when they decided each African American voter only counted as ⅗ of a person. -
Judiciary Act 1789
officially titled "An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States," was signed into law by President George Washington on September 24, 1789. -
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The Second Great Awakening
The Second Great Awakening was known as the time in which every person could be saved through revivals, repentance, and conversion. It enrolled millions of new members in existing evangelical denominations and led to the formation of new denominations. Many converts believed that the Awakening heralded a new millennial age. The Second Great Awakening stimulated the establishment of many reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society before the anticipated Second Coming of Jesus -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion, or Whiskey Insurrection, was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791, during the presidency of George Washington. Farmers who sold their grain in the form of whiskey had to pay a new tax which they strongly resented. The tax was a part of treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton's program to pay off the national debt. -
Chisholm v. Georgia
The first case of the newly founded Supreme Court -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ affair took place when an American Representative wished to speak to the French Prime Minister and was stopped by three unidentified people (XYZ) saying that he must pay a due in order to speak to the French Prime minister. He refused, and the US took this as an insult. This resulted in the Alien and Sedition Acts. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien Act raised residency requirements and deported any alien whose home nation was at war with the United States. The Sedition Act stated that anyone who impeded policy or defamed officials could be fined or imprisoned. It was considered against the law to offend political parties (unconstitutional). The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions were where Virginia and Kentucky thought that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. -
Revolution of 1800
The election of 1800 was important because it proved to other countries that democracy was able to be very successful. Jefferson called this election a revolution because his party, the Republicans, peacefully and orderly received the power with nothing but acceptance by the federalists. -
Marbury v. Madison
Laid out the basics for the power of judicial review and what powers the judicial branch had. One midnight judge named William Marbury sued to maintain his appointment.The case went to the Supreme Court and the court decided the Marbury appointment could be canceled because the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional. -
Louisiana Purchase
A treaty signed by President Thomas Jefferson with Napoleon Bonaparte In 1803, that ceded a giant swath of land to the United States, thus doubeling the country’s size and giving access to the very important trade route of the Mississippi River and the port city of New Orleans.
Toussaint -
Embargo Act 1807
During the Napoleonic wars, France and Britain both imposed trade restrictions in an attempt to weaken each others economy, and America’s neutrality was tested as its own economy suffered. The Embargo act was placed on both countries as a response to these issues, and of Britain’s frequent harassing of American ships. -
Nonintercourse Act 1809
This name was given to 6 different acts that dealt with commerce between the Native Americans and non-Indians, and prohibited the purchase of Native land without federal government approval. -
Macon’s Bill No. 2 1810
Was intended to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars, but it was revised and became law in the United States on May 1, 1810. -
Fletcher v. Peck
This case stated that since the Treaty of Paris expired, that the 35 million acre piece of land just West of Georgia was up for grabs, even though it was owned by Native Americans. -
War of 1812
A military conflict fought between the forces of the United States and those of the British Empire. The United States declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions brought about by Britain's ongoing war with France, the impressment of American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy, British support of American Indian tribes against American expansion, outrage over insults to national honour after humiliations on the high seas, and possible American desire to annex Canada. -
Treaty of Ghent
This treaty was signed on 24 December, 1814, and effectively ended the war of 1812. This treaty regained the status between two nations of status quo ante bellum, which means that neither country lost territory. -
Election of 1816
Phase used to describe the years following the War of 1812, when one party, the Jeffersonian Republicans, dominated politics, and a spirit of nationalism characterized public policy and James Monroe was elected president. -
Second Bank of United States
Served as the nation's federally authorized central bank during its 20-year charter from February 1817 to January 1836. -
McColluch v. Maryland
Maryland attempted to place a tax on the Second Bank of the Unites States, but the federal government ruled that it was a portion of the “Necessary and proper” clause of the constitution -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Settled a debate on private versus public charters based on the Contract Clause of the constitution. -
Johnson v. McIntosh
Held that private land owned by native americans could not be purchased by citizens -
Gibbons v. Ogden
A landmark decision by the supreme court that said that the federal government had the power to regulate interstate commerce because of the Commerce Clause of the constitution. -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams was elected President on February 9, 1825, after the election was decided by the House of Representatives -
Election of 1828
the United States presidential election of 1828 featured a rematch between John Quincy Adams, now incumbent President, and Andrew Jackson, the runner-up in the 1824 election. With no other major candidates, Jackson and his chief ally Martin Van Buren consolidated their bases in the South and New York and easily defeated Adams -
Indian Removal Act 1830
The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830. The act authorized him to negotiate with the Indians in the Southern United States fortheir removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their homelands. -
Nullification Crisis 1832
South Carolina declared the tariff of 1828 unconstitutional. Andrew Jackson issued a proclamation to South Carolina -
Election of 1860
Lincoln won the presidential race! -
Confederacy Formed
SC was the first state to sucede. -
South Carolina Secedes
The white population of South Carolina, long before the American Civil War, strongly supported the institution of slavery. Political leaders such as John C. Calhoun and Preston Brooks had inflamed regional (and national) passions, and for years before the eventual start of the Civil War in 1861, voices cried for secession. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first Southern state to declare its secession and later formed the Confederacy. -
Lincoln's Inauguration
Lincoln became the 16th president of the United States. His speech was a very important one because he would be speaking not only as the new president but also as the leader of a nation in crisis. -
Battle of Fort Sumter
The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–14, 1861) was the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, near Charleston, South Carolina, that started the American Civil War. Following declarations of secession by seven Southern states, South Carolina demanded that the U.S. Army abandon its facilities in Charleston Harbor. -
First Battle of Bull Run
The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as First Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, near the city of Manassas. It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War. -
Antietam
also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the South, fought on Wednesday, September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam Creek, as part of the Maryland Campaign, was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with 22,717 dead, wounded and missing on both sides combined -
Emancipation Proclamation
an order issued to all segments of the Executive branch (including the Army and Navy) of the United States by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War. It was based on the president's constitutional authority as commander in chief of the armed forces; it was not a law passed by Congress. It proclaimed all those enslaved in Confederate territory to be forever free, and ordered the Army (and all segments of the Executive branch) to treat as free all those enslave -
Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, one of the best-known in American history. It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War, on the afternoon of Thursday, November 19, 1863, at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg. -
Battle of Nashville
The Battle of Nashville was a two-day battle in the Franklin-Nashville Campaign that represented the end of large-scale fighting in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. -
Thirteenth Amendment
The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. It was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House on January 31, 1865, and adopted on December 6, 1865. On December 18, Secretary of State William H. Seward proclaimed it to have been adopted. -
Lee Surrenders
At Appomattox, Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders his 28,000 troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the American Civil War. Forced to abandon the Confederate capital of Richmond, blocked from joining the surviving Confederate force in North Carolina, and harassed constantly by Union cavalry, Lee had no other option. -
Lincoln Shot
Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth shoots President Abraham Lincoln at a play at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. -
Fall of Richmond
Richmond, Virginia, served as the capital of the Confederate States of America during the vast majority of the American Civil War. It was the target of numerous attempts by the Union Army to seize possession of the capital, finally falling to the Federals in April 1865. -
Dawes Act
The Dawes Act was adopted by Congress in 1887, authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians.The stated objective of the Dawes Act was to stimulate assimilation of Indians into American society. Individual ownership of land was seen as an essential step. The act also provided that the government would purchase Indian land "excess" to that needed for allotment and open it up for settlement by non-Indians. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
US troops entered the Lakota indian reservation to disarm them. One Native American refused to give up his gun, saying he had paid for it. While fighting for possession of the rifle, it was acidentally shot and troops open fired on the Native Americans, showing no mercy for women and children. By the time it was over, at least 150 men, women, and children of the Lakota Sioux had been killed and 51 wounded. This resulted in tension between the Native Americans and the white people. -
Founding of the NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909. Its mission is “to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination”. Its name, retained in accordance with tradition, uses the once common term colored people. -
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The First Red Scare
In American history, the First Red Scare of 1919–1920 was marked by a widespread fear of Bolshevism and anarchism. Concerns over the effects of radical political agitation in American society and alleged spread in the American labor movement fueled the paranoia that defined the period. -
Red Summer
Red Summer describes the race riots that occurred in more than three dozen cities in the United States during the summer and early autumn of 1919. In most instances, whites attacked African Americans. In some cases groups of blacks fought back, notably in Chicago, where, along with Washington, D.C. and Elaine, Arkansas, the greatest number of fatalities occurred. The riots followed postwar social tensions related to the demobilization of veterans of World War I, both black and white, and comp -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a time when African Americans started embracing their heritage through music and poetry. Even though there were developing ideas of Black Nationalism, African Americans were still segregated from a lot of the nation. -
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Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the 1920s and 1930s. At the time, it was known as the "New Negro Movement", named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke. Though it was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, many French-speaking black writers from African and Caribbean colonies who lived in Paris were also influenced by the Harlem Renaissance -
Election of 1932
This election was between Herbert Hoover and FDR but Roosevelt won because he said that he would try to make change for Americans. This was during the Great Depression and the wall street crash so the economy was in desperate need of help. -
New Deal
The New Deal was a series of economic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936. They involved presidential executive orders or laws passed by Congress during the first term of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. -
Attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
America dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima resulting in immediate deaths there as well as people still dying in the area from radiation poisoning. Japan’s leader announced surrendering from WWII after this. -
Truman Doctrine
Truman, to contain Soviet aggression and Communism, created a policy known as the Truman Doctrine in response to the uprisings led by Communists against the Greek government, and in response to the Soviet trying to control Turkey’s Dardanelles. The Truman Doctrine was created to govern United State’s foreign policies, which eventually led the Soviets to let up on their hopes of Communist ideology spreading across the world. -
Creation of NATO
The “NATO” is a national security organization that formed as a pact between 12 countries in 1949. It set up a mutual defense between the countries and agreed that if anybody attacked a single country that was a part of NATO, they attacked the entire organization. It became both defensive and offensive in through their military. -
Fall of China to Communism
Mainland China was taken over by communist by 1949, and the only place left to go for Chiang and his forced was Taiwan. Chiang continued to get support from the US, however Mao Ze-Dong already ruled Beijing, bringing to fruition the “People’s Republic of China”. Mao Ze-Dongs’ leadership of which was only recognized by the US 30 years later. Stalin and Mao signed the Sino-Soviet pact in 1950. -
Korean War
This conflict marked the first military action of the Cold War when North Korean troops invaded the Soviet occupied South Korean territory, and U.S forces soon intervened on South Korea’s behalf. More than being about the specific country of Korea, it was thought of as a war against the concept of communism itself. -
Election of 1952
Occurred when the Cold War tension between the US and Soviet Russia was escalating. Dwight D. Eisenhower won by a landslide.
