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Dorthia Dix
- (April 4, 1802 – July 17, 1887) was an American activist on behalf of the indigent insane who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental asylums. During the Civil War, she served as Superintendent of Army Nurses.
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Mary Ann Bickerdyke
- (July 19, 1817 – November 8, 1901), also known as Mother Bickerdyke, was a hospital administrator for Union soldiers during the American Civil War. Generally called Mother Bickerdyke, she served throughout the war in the West and was beloved by the enlisted men, whose rights she championed; she was also a favorite with generals Grant and Sherman. After the war she lobbied in Washington to secure pensions for Civil War nurses and veterans.
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Linda Richards
(July 27, 1841- 1930 ) was the first professionally trained American nurse. She established nursing training programs in the United States and Japan, and created the first system for keeping individual medical records for hospitalized patients -
Clara Barton
(December 25, 1821 – April 12, 1912) was a pioneer American teacher, nurse, and humanitarian. She has been described as having a "strong and independent spirit" and is best remembered for organizing the American Red Cross -
Isabel Hampton Robb
(1860–1910) was one of the and one of the most important leaders in the history of nursing.She graduated from the Bellevue Hospital Training School for Nurses in 1883. In 1889 she was appointed head of the new Johns Hopkins School of Nursing -
Lavinia Dock-
(1858-1956) was a nurse, author, pioneer in nursing education and social activist. Her books included a four volume history of nursing and what was for many years a standard nurse's manual of drugs. In 1893, Dock, with the assistance of Mary Adelaide Nuttng and Isabel Hampton Robb, founded the American Society of superintendents of Training -
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Lillian Wald
- March 10, 1867–1940) was a nurse, social worker, public health official, teacher, author, editor, publisher, women's rights activist, and the founder of American community nursing. Her unselfish devotion to humanity is recognized around the world and her visionary programs have been widely copied everywhere
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Mary Adelaide Nutting
- (November 1, 1858- October 3, 1948). In 1889, she went to Baltimore to enter the first class of the Johns Hopkins Hospital Training School for Nurses. After graduating in 1891, she served as a head nurse at the school. In 1894, she became the school's principal. Nutting held this position until 1907. That year, she joined the faculty of Teachers College at Columbia University in New York City and became the world's first professor of nursing. Nutting headed the Department
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Lillian Wald
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Mary Eliza Mahoney-
(b. May 7, 1845 – d. January 4, 1926) was the first black to study and work as a professionally trained nurse in the United States, graduating in 1879. In 1908, she co-founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses (NACGN) with Adah B. Thoms. The NACGN eventually merged with the American Nurses Association (ANA) in 1951. She is commemorated by the biennial Mary Mahoney Award of the ANA -
Margaret Sanger
- (September 14, 1879 – September 6, 1966) was an American birth control activist and the founder of the American Birth Control League (which eventually became Planned Parenthood). She was among the early influential contributors to Relationship counseling in the U.S.
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Annie Goodrich
Annie Warburton Goodrich was born February 6, 1866 in New Brunswick, New Jersey. She obtained her nursing education at New York Hospital and received her R.N. in 1892. She was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Science (Sc.D.) from Mount Holyoke College in 1921, the honorary degree of Master of Arts (M.A.) from Yale University in 1923, and the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) from Russell Sage College in 1936. -
Mary Breckinridge
- (February 17, 1881 – May 19, 1965) was an American nurse-midwife and the founder of the Frontier Nursing Service. She also was known as Mary Carson Breckinridge. She started family care centers in the Appalachian mountains. She was known for helping many people with her hospitals.
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Virginia Henderson
- November 30, 1897 – March 19, 1996) was an American nurse, researcher, theorist and author. She graduated from the Army School of Nursing, Washington, D.C. in 1921. She graduated from Teachers College, Columbia University with a M.A. degree in nursing education. Henderson is famous for a definition of nursing: "The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery that he he would perform unaide
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Ida V. Moffett
She was director of nursing at the two units of The Birmingham Baptist Medical Centers, and she directed the largest school of nursing in Alabama. At the same time, she led her profession statewide and nationally. As impressed as people are about her productivity, there is something more important about Ida Moffett. She is most admired because of her high ideals and deep values about patient care. -
Lillian Holland Harvey
Dr. Lillian Harvey was Dean of the Tuskegee (Institute) University School of Nursing for almost three decades. Under her leadership and untiring efforts, the School of Nursing at Tuskegee became the first to offer a Bachelor of Science degree in nursing in the state of Alabama. Dr. Harvey was credited with being a crusader for unrestricted professional recognition across the state and nation. -
Hildegard Peplau
-(September 1, 1909 – 17 March 1999), emphasized the nurse-client relationship as the foundation of nursing practice. At the time, her research and emphasis on the give-and-take of nurse-client relationships was seen by many as revolutionary. Peplau went on to form an interpersonal model emphasizing the need for a partnership between nurse and client as opposed to the client passively receiving treatment -
Martha Rogers
(May 12, 1914–March 13, 1994) was an American nurse, researcher, theorist, and author. Rogers is best known for developing the Science of Unitary Human Beings and a book, An Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing. -
Madeleine Leininger
- (13 July 1925- until) is a pioneering nursing theorist, first published in 1961. Her contributions to nursing theory involve the discussion of what it is to care. Most notably, she developed the concept of transcultural nursing, bringing the role of cultural factors in nursing practice into the discussion of how to best attend to those in need of nursing care.
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Jean Watson
- was born in a small town in West Virginia in the 1940s. JEAN Watson WAS graduated from the Lewis Gale School of Nursing in Roanoke, Virginia, in 1961. She continued her nursing studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder, earning a B.S. in 1964, an M.S. in psychiatric and mental health nursing in 1966, and a Ph.D. in educational psychology and counseling in 1973. Watson is well known for her Theory of Human/Transpersonal Caring.
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Dorothea Orem
Doctor of Science from Georgetown University (1976) and Incarnate Word College in San Antonio, Texas (1980); Doctor of Humane Letters from Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Illinois (1988); Doctor Honoris Causae, University of Missouri-Columbia (1998). Dr. Orem continues to be active in theory development. She completed the 6th edition of Nursing:Concepts of Practice, published by Mosby in January 2001.
