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Marie Antoinette was born
Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755. Her father was Roman Emperor Francis the First. Her mother was Empress Maria Theresa. She was born in Vienna, whick is today Austria. She was the eleventh daughter of the Emperor. (www.notablebiographies.com) -
William Hogarth Paints The Cockpit
William Hogarth played a major role in the history of British art. He had one of the original and lively minds. He was also known for his engravings too, such as Marriag a la Mode and Four Stages of Cruelty. When he was studying art, he studied under Sir James Thornhill. He became an illustsrator in 1720. Within his life he created amny famous pieces of art. One of the most famous was the Cockpitt. (www.artoftheprint.com) -
England's Bridgewater Canal Opens
The Bridgewater Canal was opened on July 17, 1761. It was named after the owner. His name was Francis Egerton the Third Duke of Bridgewater. It was built to transport coal from the mines. It was the first canal in Britain that didn't follow the existing watercourse. It marked the beginning of the golden canal era. (www.bridgewatercanal,co,uk) -
Marie Antoinette Gets Married
For a way for the alliance between the French and the Habsburg thrones to become stronger, Empress Maria Theresa promised her daughter's hand in marriage. When she was 15, Marie married the future French king Louis XVI, when he was only 16. They were married by Proxy in Vienna. They had a huge wedding that had over 5,000 guests. When the young couple were married, they represented the excesses of the reviled French monarchy. (library.thinkquest.org) -
Rubber Gets It's Name
In 1772, Joseph Priestly had given rubber it's name. He notcied that a piece of rubber could rub out pencil marks. Rubber is made out of a mix of many plants and chemicals. It is used for many things, such as boots, and tires. (www.probertencyclopedia.com) -
King Louis XV Died
King Louis XV was away on a hunt when he started feeling sick. As he started feeling worse his chief doctor, La Martiniere, ordered him sent home to Versailles. After many doctors saw him, they all concluded that he had smallpox. The rest of tthe royal family was moved away to prevent the risk of infection. He died at age 64 and reigned for 59 years. This was the beginning of the reign of Louis XVI and it was the last reign in Versailles. (J.F. Bosher) -
France Helps America With Revelution
When the American Revolution started, King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette decided to help them. Ignoring their own country's problems, the poured money and men into the Revolution. It was a huge drain on the econmy. They also lossed many men. With France as an ally, Americans thought this was an easy battle, because of their riches and weapons. But they suffered many deffeats. Rebllions started to break out in France because of the economy was so bad. (www.americanrevolution.org) -
Benjamin Franklin Invented Bifocal Spectacles
Ben Franklin invented the bifocals in 1784. He was myopic and hyperopic, which means he was near and far sighted. He was frustrated that he always had to keep switching his glasses to focus on different things. He cut one of a myopic lense and a hyperopic lense in half and put them together. This way he would only have one pair of glasse. Many people still use bifocals today. (library.thinkquest.org) -
The Taking of the Bastille
On July 14, 1789, over 200 people stormed the Bastille. They were searching for gunpowder and prisoners unfairly trialed. The Bastille heard rumors that there was going to be an attack, so they prepared themselves by hiring Swiss soldiers. They were not expecting a huge rebellion. The people easily broke in the arsenal and brought down the bridges. Once they got inside, they captured Marqueis de Launay, and Swiss soldiers, and dragged them throught the streets of Paris. (library.thinkquest.org) -
Population of the United States Reach 3,929,000
In 1790 the population reached 3,929,000 people. 1790 was also when the first census was sent out. With the help of the census, the government was able to gain knowledge about the population. The populations were higher because the birthrates were higher. But it was decreased a few times because of wars and diseases. The population was also higher in city areas and it was lower in rural areas. (www.nber.org) -
King Louis XVI is Executed
On January 20, 1791, King Louis XVI was executed by guillotine. A few Few days earlier he was trialed by the French National Convention. He was convicted of conspiracy with foreign power. He was executed in the Place de la Revolution in Paris. This leaves Marie Antoinette the last one of the royal family to be trialed. (www.history.com) -
The Royal Family Tries To Sneak Out of Captivity
In 1791, while the royal family was held in captivity, they tried to sneak out of the Palace of Tuileries. They were helped by a family friend. They tried to escape under the cover of night. The attempt went bad when the were recaptured outside the city. They were brought back to the palace. (J.F.Bosher) -
Paris Citizens Stormed Palace
On August 10, 1792, 30,000 people stormed the Palce of Tuileries. They were looking for King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. Louis heard about the mob and moved his family to safety in the Legislative Assembly buildiing. When the citizens attacked, the Swiss guards had no orders and tried to protect the palace, but they were defeated. Once they got inside, they klled everyone that was inside the palace. This was a signal to the king that things needed to change, but nothing did. (www.pccua.edu) -
Her execution
Not only did many people hate her, but they also blamed her for the country's financial problems. In October, she was convicted of treason. She was sentenced to death by guillotine . When she stepped on the platform, she stepped on the executioner's foot. Her last words were "Monsieur, I ask your pardon. I did not do that on purpose". (library.thinkquest.org) -
Marie Antoinette and Her Family Held Prisoners
Marie Antoinette and her family tried to escape and join Austria, but they were captured. They were held in very poor and harsh conditions.She fought to stay alive. She also fought for her children's lives. This called for the end of the monarchy. (bastille-day.com) -
Edward Jenner Discovers Vaccinations
In 1798, Edward Jenner discovered vaccinations. In the eeighteenth century, 400,000 people died. Smallpox devestated mankind. Those who survived it became immune. Jenner studied many things. He studied in the medical field. In 1773, he started o practice medicine. He wanted to find a cure for smallpox. He prdicted that people who had suffered cowpox were immune to smallpox. After many expirements, he concluded that by having cowpox, you were immune to smallpox. (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
