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Jan 1, 646
Birth and Early life
Caliph Abd al-Malik was born in 646 AD in Medina, Saudi Arabia. He was the son of a Caliph Marwan I ibn-Hakam. His father was caliph from only 684-685. Growing up in Medina Abd al-Malik was educated religiously. -
Period: Jan 1, 646 to Oct 1, 705
Birth to Death
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Oct 1, 705
Death
Caliph Abd-al Malik died in October of 705 in Damascus which was the capital of the Umayyad empire. His empire was doing amazing it was very prosperous and peaceful. His eldest son al- Walid succeded him -
Accomplishments
Abd- al Malik started explaining the opinions of the prophet Muhammad to different regions. He did this to possibly spread Islam. But his greatest achivement was the monumental Dome of Rock. He built to show Islam's presence. The Dome of Rock is one of the most significant buildings in Jerusalem. And they say you can see it anywhere from the city. -
Caliphate
Since Abd-al Malik's father past away he became the new Umayyad caliph. Caliph Abd-al Malik defeated all his enemies. And put Umayyad rule to its fullest by 692. He unified the empire. Al- Malik made the empire's own currency, put the official language as Arabic, and required a pilgramige to Mecca called Hajj. He expaneded the empire in places like Afganastan, southern Pakistan, and Uzbakhastan. Abd al- Malik came across many protests on high taxation but he overcame the protesters. -
Civil War
A civil war broke out when a man named Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr of Mecca and his people refused to give allegiance to the new Ummayyad caliph. Abd-al Malik's father was in Medina and was forced to go to Damascus. The Shiites and the Khatarijites wanted to end Ummayyad rule. A caliph named Yazid had some success but could not stop the rebellion in Mecca. There were several Umayyad caliphs who failed in taking Mecca. But Caliph Abd al- Malik defeated all the enemies of the civil war.
