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Hati declares independence from France.
Haiti is first black republic in Western Hemisphere. -
Napolean changes territories
He annexed lands along the Rhine river for France. He dissolved the Holy Roman Empire and organized a number of states into the Rhine Confederation. -
Prussia created an economic union called Zollverein.
This dismantled tariff barriers between many German states. -
Giuseppe Mazzini founded Young Italy.
The goal of this was to constitute Italy ,one,free,independent,republican nation. -
Liberals met in the Frankfurt Assembly
The demanded German political unity. They offered the throne to Frederick William IV, which was rejected. -
Mazzini helped set up the revolutionary republic in Rome
French forces soon toppled it. -
Britain and France were joined in the Crimean war against Russia by Sardinia
Sardinia did not win territory but it did have a voice at the peace conferance. -
Victor Emmanuel II was crowned king of Italy.
He died in 1861 but his successor compleated his dreams. -
Blood and iron speech
bismark gives his speech to vote fund for the military, but it didn't work -
Francis Deak helped work out a compramise that created a new political power known as the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary
Under this agreement Austria and Hungary were separate states . Each had its own constitution and its own parliment. -
Franco-Prussian war
The Prussia victory over Austria led to this. France was defeated as Napolean surrenderred after only a few weeks. -
German Marxists organized the Social Democratic Party.
This called for parliamentary democracy and laws to improve the conditions for the working class. -
German nationalists celebrate the birth of the Second Reich.
Reich means empire. They called it this because it was considered to be the heir of the empire. -
construction on the parliament begins
although Austria and Hungary have been united since 1867 each state now has its own parliment. -
Germans had health and accident insurance as well as old-age insurance to provide retirment benefits
Germany was a pioneer in social reform and became the model for all other European nations. -
Kaiser William II askes Bismarck to resign
he thought he was the "only leader". -
War between Russia and Japan
Nicolas the II called on his people to fight but the Russians were still defeated. -
the first Duma met
The czar quickly dissolved it when the leaders criticized the goverment. -
World War II begins
The "Balkan powder keg" helped set this off. -
population growth
over 20 million more people since 1871
